Energy‐Mediated Machinery Drives Cellular Mechanical Allostasis. Issue 35 (4th July 2019)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Wang, Qianbin; Qian, Weiyi; Xu, Xiaoyu; Bajpai, Apratim; Guan, Kevin; Zhang, Zijing; Chen, Roy; Flamini, Vittoria; Chen, Weiqiang
• Is Part Of: Advanced materials. Volume 31:Issue 35(2019)
• Page Start: n/a
• Page End: n/a
• Publication Date: 2019-07-04
• Subjects: allostatic adaptation -- cellular mechanics -- CSK tension; Materials -- Periodicals; Chemical vapor deposition -- Periodicals; 620.11
• DOI: 10.1002/adma.201900453
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0935-9648

Abstract

Abstract: Allostasis is a fundamental biological process through which living organisms achieve stability via physiological or behavioral changes to protect against internal and external stresses, and ultimately better adapt to the local environment. However, an full understanding of cellular‐level allostasis is far from developed. By employing an integrated micromechanical tool capable of applying controlled mechanical stress on an individual cell and simultaneously reporting dynamic information of subcellular mechanics, individual cell allostasis is observed to occur through a biphasic process; cellular mechanics tends to restore to a stable state through a mechanoadaptative process with excitative biophysical activity followed by a decaying adaptive phase. Based on these observations, it is found that cellular allostasis occurs through a complex balance of subcellular energy and cellular mechanics; upon a transient and local physical stimulation, cells trigger an allostatic state that maximizes energy and overcomes a mechanical "energy barrier" followed by a relaxation state that reaches its mechanobiological stabilization and energy minimization. Discoveries of energy‐driven cellular machinery and conserved mechanotransductive pathways underscore the critical role of force‐sensitive cytoskeleton equilibrium in cellular allostasis. This highlight the biophysical origin of cellular mechanical allostasis, providing subcellular methods to understand the etiology and progression of certain diseases or aging. Abstract : Cellular allostasis occurs through a complex balance of cellular mechanics: upon a transient and local physical stimulation, cells trigger an allostatic state that maximizes energy and overcomes a mechanical "energy barrier" followed by a relaxation state that stabilizes its mechanobiological state and minimizes energy. Discovery of energy‐driven cellular machinery underscores the force‐sensitive cytoskeleton equilibrium in cellular allostasis.