Natural nodular worm infection in goats induces eosinophil extracellular DNA trap (EET) formation. (December 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Anisuzzaman, ; Anas, Abu; Yasin, Md. Golam; Labony, Sharmin Shahid; Hossain, Md. Mokbul; Begum, Nurjahan; Hatta, Takeshi; Tsuji, Naotoshi; Alim, Md. Abdul
• Is Part Of: Parasitology international. Volume 79(2020)
• Publication Date: 2020-12
• Subjects: Parasitology -- Periodicals; Parasites -- Periodicals; Parasitic Diseases -- Periodicals; Parasitology -- Periodicals; Parasitologie -- Périodiques; 571.99905
• DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2020.102178
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1383-5769

Abstract

Abstract: Extracellular DNA Trap (ET) formation by granulocyte is a strong innate immune machinery that plays crucial roles in trapping and killing of pathogens. Here, we show Eosinophil Extracellular DNA Trap (EET) formation in goats naturally infected with nodular worms ( Oesophagostomum columbianum, Strongyloidae: Nematoda). By a slaughterhouse based survey, we found that 60% goats were infected with nodular worms. We detected numerous, hard and pale yellow to dark black nodules of variable sizes (0.25–2 cm) in the large intestine and the number of nodules were significantly (p < .05) higher in the cecum (21.7 ± 17.9) than in the colon (10.1 ± 9.9). Histologically, pink colored circumscribed caseous mass was surrounded by a dense zone of infiltration and fibrous proliferation along with massive infiltration of eosinophils in and around the necrotic mass. DAPI staining revealed huge accumulation of extracellular DNA, which formed wide ridge like structure surrounding the necrotic zone. Massive release of eosinophils cationic proteins (ECP), a helmintho-toxic substance, was found into the lesions. Collectively, our results suggest that nodular worm infection induces EETosis and ECP release, and is one of the major parasitic problem affecting Black Bengal goats that causes distortion of normal architecture of the gut wall. Graphical abstract: Unlabelled Image Highlights: Extracellular DNA Trap (ET) formation plays crucial roles in killing of pathogens. Nodular worms produce Eosinophil Extracellular DNA Trap (EET) in naturally infected goats. Massive release of eosinophils cationic proteins (ECP) was found in lesions. Around half of the goat population in Bangladesh was infected. Cecum was more severely affected with the parasite.