The incidence of the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 among asymptomatic patients: A systematic review. (September 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Al-Sadeq, Duaa W.; Nasrallah, Gheyath K.
• Is Part Of: International journal of infectious diseases. Volume 98(2020)
• Page Start: 372
• Page End: 380
• Publication Date: 2020-09
• Subjects: COVID-19 -- SARS-CoV-2 -- Asymptomatic carrier -- Viruses -- Incidence; Communicable diseases -- Periodicals; Communicable Diseases -- Periodicals; Communicable diseases; Periodicals; Electronic journals; 616.9
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.06.098
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1201-9712

Abstract

Highlights: The true incidence of SARS-COV-2 is much higher than the reported number of cases. Large sample size studies have shown 1.2–12.9% incidence of SARS-COV-2 among asymptomatic people. Studies with a small sample size showed up to 87.9% incidence among asymptomatic people. Asymptomatic individuals could be a potential source of infection to the community. Abstract: Background: The recent outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has quickly spread globally since its discovery in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. A comprehensive strategy – including surveillance, diagnostics, research, and clinical treatment – is urgently needed to win the battle against COVID-19. Recently, numerous studies have reported the incidence of SARS-CoV-2 in asymptomatic patients. Yet, the incidence and viral transmission from the asymptomatic cases are not yet apparent. Aim: To estimate the incidence of COVID-19 among asymptomatic cases and describe its epidemiological and clinical significance this review systematically examined the published literature on SARS-CoV-2 in asymptomatic patients. Methods: The literature was searched through four scientific databases: PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Science Direct. Results: Sixty-three studies satisfied the inclusion criteria. The majority of the reported studies were from China. However, there was a lack of SARS-CoV-2 epidemiological studies, from several countries worldwide, tracing the actual incidence of COVID-19, especially in asymptomatic patients. Studies with a large sample size (>1000) estimated that the percentage of people contracting SARS-CoV-2 and likely to be asymptomatic ranged from 1.2–12.9%. However, other studies with a smaller sample size reported a much higher incidence and indicated that up to 87.9% of COVID-19 infected individuals could be asymptomatic. Most of these studies indicated that asymptopatics are a potential source of infection to the community. Conclusion: This review highlighted the need for more robust and well-designed studies to better estimate COVID-19 incidence among asymptomatic patients worldwide. Early identification of asymptomatic cases, as well as monitoring and tracing close contacts, could help in mitigating the spread of COVID-19.