Lycopene in protection against obesity and diabetes: A mechanistic review. (September 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Zhu, Ruyuan; Chen, Beibei; Bai, Ying; Miao, Tianyi; Rui, Li; Zhang, Hao; Xia, Bingke; Li, Yu; Gao, Sihua; Wang, Xiang-Dong; Zhang, Dongwei
• Is Part Of: Pharmacological research. Volume 159(2020)
• Publication Date: 2020-09
• Subjects: AchE acetylcholinesterase -- AGEs advanced glycation end products -- Akt protein kinase B -- BAT brown adipose tissue -- BMI body mass index -- BW body weight -- CAT catalase -- CCL chemokine C-C motif ligand -- CCR C-C chemokine receptor -- COX cyclooxygenase -- CPT carnitine palmitoyl transferase -- CRP C-reactive protein -- DIO diet-induced obesity -- DN diabetic nephropathy -- eWAT epididymal white adipose tissue -- FGF21 fibroblast growth factor 21 -- FoxO1 Forkhead box O 1 -- G6PD glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase -- GLUT glucose transporter type -- GSH glutathione -- GSH-Px glutathione peroxidase -- HbA1C glycosylated hemoglobin A1C -- HFD high-fat diet -- HO-1 heme oxygenase 1 -- HOMA-IR homeostatic model assessment insulin resistance -- LDL low-density lipoprotein -- IL interleukin -- i.p. intraperitoneal injection -- JNK c-jun N-terminal kinase -- MAPK mitogen-activated protein kinase -- MCP-1 monocyte chemotactic protein-1 -- MDA malondialdehyde -- MMP matrix metalloproteinase -- NAFLD nonalcoholic fatty liver disease -- NF-κB nuclear factor-kappa B -- NO nitric oxide -- NOS inducible nitric oxide synthase -- NOX nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase -- NTOE natural tomato oleoresin extract -- ox-LDL oxidized low density lipoprotein -- PI3K phosphoinositide 3-kinases -- PPAR peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor -- RAGEs receptor for advanced glycation end products -- ROS reactive oxygen species -- SD Sprague–Dawley -- SIRT1 sirtuin1 -- SOD superoxide dismutase -- STAT3 signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 -- STZ streptozocin -- T2DM type 2 diabetes mellitus -- TAC total antioxidant capacity -- TBARS thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances -- TC total cholesterol -- TG triglyceride -- TGF-β transforming growth factor-β -- TNF-α tumor necrosis factor-α -- UCP uncoupling protein; Lycopene -- Obesity -- Diabetes -- Pharmacology -- Bioavailability -- Safety; Pharmacology -- Periodicals; Pharmacology -- Periodicals; Research -- Periodicals; Médicaments -- Recherche -- Périodiques; Pharmacologie -- Périodiques; 615.105
• DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104966
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1043-6618

Abstract

Graphical abstract: Abstract: Lycopene, a natural pigment that mainly exists in the mature fruit of tomatoes, has gained increasing attention due to its protective effects against obesity and diabetes. The aim of this review is to summarize the potential mechanisms in which lycopene exerts protection against obesity and diabetes, along with highlighting its bioavailability, synthesis and safety. Literature sources used in this review were from the PubMed Database, China Knowledge Resource Integrated Database, China Science and Technology Journal Database, National Science and Technology Library, Wanfang Data, and the Web of Science. For the inquiries, keywords such as lycopene, properties, synthesis, diabetes, obesity, and safety were used in various combinations. About 200 articles and reviews were evaluated. Lycopene exhibits anti-obesity and anti-diabetic activities in different organs and/or tissues, including adipose tissue, liver, kidney, pancreas, brain, ovaries, intestine, and eyes. The underlying mechanism may be attributed to its anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties and through its ability to regulate of AGE/RAGE, JNK/MAPK, PI3K/Akt, SIRT1/FoxO1/PPARγ signaling pathways and AchE activity. The epidemiological investigations support that lycopene consumption may contribute to lowering the risk of obesity and diabetes. The cis -isomers of lycopene are more bioavailable and better absorbed than trans -lycopene, and mainly distribute in liver and adipose tissue. Lycopene exhibits a good margin of safety and can be obtained by plant extraction, chemical synthesis and microbial fermentation. In summary, lycopene consumption beneficially contributes to protecting against diabetes and obesity in animal studies and epidemiological investigations, which supports the potential of this compound as a preventive/therapeutic agent against these disorders. Well-designed, prospective clinical studies are warranted to evaluate the potential therapeutic effect of lycopene against common metabolic diseases.