A Meta-Analysis of the Relationship Between Sleep Problems and Loneliness. (September 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Hom, Melanie A.; Chu, Carol; Rogers, Megan L.; Joiner, Thomas E.
• Is Part Of: Clinical psychological science. Volume 8:Number 5(2020)
• Page Start: 799
• Page End: 824
• Publication Date: 2020-09
• Subjects: sleep -- sleep disturbances -- loneliness -- social isolation -- meta-analysis; Clinical psychology -- Periodicals; 616.89
• DOI: 10.1177/2167702620922969
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2167-7026

Abstract

In this meta-analysis, we aimed to evaluate the cross-sectional and longitudinal relationships between various forms of sleep problems and loneliness. A total of 84 articles (110 samples, N = 227, 112) were identified for inclusion. Random effects models revealed a significant medium association between overall sleep problems and loneliness ( r = .336, 95% confidence interval = [.315, .357]) as well as specific sleep complaints (i.e., insomnia, nightmares, poor sleep efficiency, and poor sleep quality) and loneliness ( r s = .165–.354). The longitudinal relationships between overall sleep problems and subsequent loneliness, and vice versa, were also significant ( r s = .249–.297). Although no consistent moderation patterns emerged, several significant moderators were identified for specific associations. Results support a robust association between more severe sleep problems and greater perceptions of loneliness; both also appear reciprocally associated longitudinally. Findings point to research directions that may enhance understanding of the interplay between sleep problems and loneliness—constructs with transdiagnostic relevance.