Ionogel-based sodium ion micro-batteries with a 3D Na-ion diffusion mechanism enable ultrahigh rate capability. Issue 3 (29th January 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Zheng, Shuanghao; Huang, Huijuan; Dong, Yanfeng; Wang, Sen; Zhou, Feng; Qin, Jieqiong; Sun, Chenglin; Yu, Yan; Wu, Zhong-Shuai; Bao, Xinhe
• Is Part Of: Energy & environmental science. Volume 13:Issue 3(2020)
• Page Start: 821
• Page End: 829
• Publication Date: 2020-01-29
• Subjects: Energy conversion -- Periodicals; Fuel switching -- Periodicals; Environmental sciences -- Periodicals; Environmental chemistry -- Periodicals; 333.79
• DOI: 10.1039/c9ee03219c
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1754-5692

Abstract

Abstract : Sodium ion micro-batteries with a 3D sodium ion diffusion mechanism exhibit ultrahigh rate capability in a new NaBF4 -based ionogel electrolyte. Abstract : The rapid development of microelectronics and microsystems has stimulated the continuous evolution of high-performance and cost-effective micro-batteries. Despite their competitiveness with huge application potential, sodium ion micro-batteries (NIMBs) are still underdeveloped. Herein, we demonstrate one prototype of a quasi-solid-state planar ionogel-based NIMB constructed by separator-free interdigital microelectrodes of sodium titanate anode and sodium vanadate phosphate cathode, both of which are embedded into a three-dimensional interconnected graphene scaffold. Meanwhile, a novel NaBF4 -based ionogel electrolyte with robust ionic conductivity of 8.1 mS cm −1 was used. Benefiting from the synergetic merits from the planar architecture, dominant pseudocapacitance contribution, and 3D multi-directional Na-ion diffusion mechanism, the as-assembled NIMBs exhibit high volumetric capacity of 30.7 mA h cm −3 at 1C, and high rate performance with 15.7 mA h cm −3 at 30C at room temperature and 13.5 mA h cm −3 at 100C at a high temperature of 100 °C. Moreover, the quasi-solid-state NIMBs present outstanding flexibility, tunable voltage and capacity output, and remarkable areal energy density of 145 μW h cm −2 (55.6 mW h cm −3 ). Therefore, this work will provide numerous chances to construct planar NIMBs for microsystems.