Long-term efficacy of mycophenolate mofetil in myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disorders: A prospective study. Issue 3 (May 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Li, Shengde; Ren, Haitao; Xu, Yan; Xu, Tao; Zhang, Yao; Yin, Hexiang; Zhang, Weihua; Li, Jiuwei; Ren, Xiaotun; Fang, Fang; Li, Wenhan; Zhu, Yicheng; Peng, Bin; Wang, Jing; Zhong, Yong; Cui, Liying
• Is Part Of: Neurology. Volume 7:Issue 3(2020)
• Publication Date: 2020-05
• Subjects: Neuroimmunology -- Periodicals; Neurology -- Periodicals; 616.8
• DOI: 10.1212/NXI.0000000000000705
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2332-7812

Abstract

Abstract : Objective: To investigate whether the use of mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) could reduce the relapse risk in patients with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)-immunoglobulin G (IgG)-associated disorders (MOGADs). Methods: This prospective observational cohort study included patients with MOGAD at Peking Union Medical College Hospital between January 1, 2017, and April 30, 2019. The patients were divided into 2 groups: those with (MMF+) or without (MMF−) MMF therapy. The primary outcome was relapse at follow-up. We used Cox proportional hazards models to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) for relapse. Results: Seventy-nine patients were included in our MOG cohort. Fifty (63.3%) were adults at index date, and 47 (59.5%) were women. Fifty-four (68.4%) were in the MMF+ group, and 25 (31.6%) were in the MMF− group. Clinical and demographic factors, MOG-IgG titer, and follow-up time (median, 472.5 days for MMF+, 261.0 days for MMF−) were comparable between the groups. Relapse rates were 7.4% (4/54) in the MMF+ group and 44.0% (11/25) in the MMF− group. Of all potential confounders, only the use of MMF was associated with reduced risk of relapse. The HR for relapse among patients in the MMF+ group was 0.14 (95% CI, 0.05–0.45) and was 0.08 (95% CI, 0.02–0.28) in a model adjusted for age, sex, disease course, and MOG-IgG titer. MMF therapy also remained associated with a reduced relapse risk in sensitivity analyses. Only one patient (1.9%) discontinued MMF therapy because of adverse effect. Conclusions: These findings provide a clinical evidence that MMF immunosuppression therapy may prevent relapse in patients with MOGAD. Classification of evidence: This study provides class IV evidence that for patients with MOGAD, MMF reduces relapse risk.