Metformin as an Alternative Radiosensitizing Agent to 5-Fluorouracil During Neoadjuvant Treatment for Rectal Cancer. Issue 7 (July 2020)
- Record Type:
- Journal Article
- Title:
- Metformin as an Alternative Radiosensitizing Agent to 5-Fluorouracil During Neoadjuvant Treatment for Rectal Cancer. Issue 7 (July 2020)
- Main Title:
- Metformin as an Alternative Radiosensitizing Agent to 5-Fluorouracil During Neoadjuvant Treatment for Rectal Cancer
- Authors:
- Fernandes, Jennifer Marx
Jandrey, Elisa Helena Farias
Koyama, Fernanda Christtanini
Leite, Katia Ramos Moeira
Camargo, Anamaria Aranha
Costa, Érico Tosoni
Perez, Rodrigo Oliva
Asprino, Paula Fontes - Abstract:
- Abstract : BACKGROUND: Neoadjuvant chemoradiation for locally advanced rectal cancer combining 5-fluorouracil with radiation increases tumor regression compared with radiation alone. However, it occurs at the cost of significant treatment-related toxicity. Patients with rectal cancer using metformin have been associated with improved response to radiotherapy. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the radiosensitizing effects of metformin in vitro and in vivo and compare it with a standard combination of radiation/5-fluorouracil. DESIGN: Colorectal cancer cell lines SW480, HT29, and HCT116 were used as models. Cell viability was compared under treatments with radiation, radiation/5-fluorouracil, metformin, radiation/metformin, and radiation/5-fluorouracil/metformin. Nude mice were injected subcutaneously with SW480 cells and treated for 1 week with radiation/5-fluorouracil, metformin, radiation/metformin, or radiation/5-fluorouracil/metformin. Tumor volume was evaluated for 4 weeks after treatment completion. The phosphorylation status of key proteins of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway was determined by immunoblots. SETTINGS: This was an experimental study conducted in vitro and in vivo. PATIENTS: Animal models/cell lines were used. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The end point was to investigate how metformin compares with 5-fluorouracil as a radiosensitizer. RESULTS: All cell lines significantly decreased cell viability after treatment with radiation/metformin when comparedAbstract : BACKGROUND: Neoadjuvant chemoradiation for locally advanced rectal cancer combining 5-fluorouracil with radiation increases tumor regression compared with radiation alone. However, it occurs at the cost of significant treatment-related toxicity. Patients with rectal cancer using metformin have been associated with improved response to radiotherapy. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the radiosensitizing effects of metformin in vitro and in vivo and compare it with a standard combination of radiation/5-fluorouracil. DESIGN: Colorectal cancer cell lines SW480, HT29, and HCT116 were used as models. Cell viability was compared under treatments with radiation, radiation/5-fluorouracil, metformin, radiation/metformin, and radiation/5-fluorouracil/metformin. Nude mice were injected subcutaneously with SW480 cells and treated for 1 week with radiation/5-fluorouracil, metformin, radiation/metformin, or radiation/5-fluorouracil/metformin. Tumor volume was evaluated for 4 weeks after treatment completion. The phosphorylation status of key proteins of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway was determined by immunoblots. SETTINGS: This was an experimental study conducted in vitro and in vivo. PATIENTS: Animal models/cell lines were used. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The end point was to investigate how metformin compares with 5-fluorouracil as a radiosensitizer. RESULTS: All cell lines significantly decreased cell viability after treatment with radiation/metformin when compared with radiation alone. Radiation/metformin was superior to radiation/5-fluorouracil in SW480 (37% vs 74%; p < 0.001). In HT29 and in HCT116, radiation/metformin was inferior to radiation/5-fluorouracil (40.0% vs 13.8%, p < 0.001 and 40.0% vs 7.0%, p < 0.001), mainly because of increased 5-fluorouracil toxicity (⩽20% of cell viability). In vivo assays indicated that radiation/metformin treatment was comparable with radiation/5-fluorouracil (557 vs 398 mm 3 ; p > 0.05) and that the addition of metformin to the standard radiation/5-fluorouracil did not improve tumor response (349 mm 3 ; p > 0.05). Metformin exerted strong PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway inactivation effects after 24-hour exposure (increasing pAMPK, p < 0.01; decreasing pAkt, p < 0.01; and pS6, p <0.05). LIMITATIONS: In vitro and in vivo chemoradiation regimens cannot be directly translated to human delivery methods. CONCLUSIONS: Metformin enhances tumor response to radiation in vitro and in vivo. Metformin is an attractive alternative radiosensitizing agent to be considered in future studies/trials. See Video Abstract at http://links.lww.com/DCR/B219 . LA METFORMINA COMO AGENTE RADIOSENSIBILIZADOR ALTERNATIVO A 5FU DURANTE EL TRATAMIENTO NEOADYUVANTE PARA CÁNCER DE RECTO: ANTECEDENTES: La quimiorradiación neoadyuvante para el cáncer de recto localmente avanzado que combina 5FU con radiación aumenta la regresión tumoral en comparación con la radiación sola. Sin embargo, se produce a costa de una toxicidad significativa relacionada con el tratamiento. Los pacientes con cáncer de recto que usan metformina se han asociado con una mejor respuesta a la radioterapia. OBJETIVO: Evaluar los efectos radiosensibilizantes de metformina in vitro e in vivo y compararlo con la combinación estándar de radiación / 5FU. DISEÑO: Se usaron como modelos las líneas celulares de cáncer colorrectal SW480, HT29 y HCT116. La viabilidad celular se comparó en tratamientos con radiación, radiación / 5FU, metformina, radiación / metformina y radiación / 5FU / metformina. A los ratones desnudos se les inyectó por vía subcutánea células SW480 y fueron tratados durante una semana con radiación / 5FU, metformina, radiación / metformina o radiación / 5FU / metformina. El volumen tumoral se evaluó durante 4 semanas después de la finalización del tratamiento. El estado de fosforilación de las proteínas clave de la vía PI3K / Akt / mTOR se determinó mediante inmunotransferencias. AJUSTES: Estudio experimental in vitro e in vivo. PACIENTES: Modelo animal / líneas celulares. PRINCIPALES MEDIDAS DE RESULTADO: El punto final fue investigar cómo la metformina se compara con 5FU como un radiosensibilizador. RESULTADOS: Todas las líneas celulares disminuyeron significativamente la viabilidad celular después del tratamiento con radiación / metformina en comparación con la radiación sola. La radiación / metformina fue superior a la radiación / 5FU en SW480 (37% frente a 74%; p <0, 001). En el HT29 y el HCT116 la radiación / metformina fue inferior a la radiación / 5FU (40% vs 13.8%, p <0.001 y 40% vs 7%, p <0.001; respectivamente), debido principalmente al aumento de la toxicidad de 5FU (⩽20% de la célula viabilidad). Los ensayos in vivo indicaron que el tratamiento con radiación / metformina era comparable a la radiación / 5FU (557 vs 398 mm 3, p > 0.05), y que la adición de metformina a la radiación estándar / 5FU no mejoró la respuesta tumoral (349 mm 3, p > 0.05). La metformina ejerció fuertes efectos de inactivación de la vía PI3K / Akt / mTOR después de 24 horas de exposición (aumentando pAMPK p < 0.01, disminuyendo pAkt, p < 0.01; y pS6, p < 0.05). LIMITACIONES: Los regímenes de CRT in vitro e in vivo no se pueden traducir directamente a los métodos de entrega en humanos. CONCLUSIONES: La metformina mejora la respuesta tumoral a la radiación in vitro e in vivo. La metformina es un agente alternativo de radiosensibilización atractivo para ser considerado en futuros estudios / ensayos. Consulte Video Resumen en http://links.lww.com/DCR/B219 . (Traducción—Dr Gonzalo Hagerman ) Abstract : Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. … (more)
- Is Part Of:
- Diseases of the colon & rectum. Volume 63:Issue 7(2020)
- Journal:
- Diseases of the colon & rectum
- Issue:
- Volume 63:Issue 7(2020)
- Issue Display:
- Volume 63, Issue 7 (2020)
- Year:
- 2020
- Volume:
- 63
- Issue:
- 7
- Issue Sort Value:
- 2020-0063-0007-0000
- Page Start:
- Page End:
- Publication Date:
- 2020-07
- Subjects:
- Metformin -- Neoadjuvancy -- Radiosensitizing agent
Colon (Anatomy) -- Diseases -- Periodicals
Rectum -- Diseases -- Periodicals
Colonic Diseases -- Periodicals
Colorectal Surgery -- Periodicals
616.34 - Journal URLs:
- http://journals.lww.com/dcrjournal/Pages/default.aspx ↗
http://journals.lww.com ↗ - DOI:
- 10.1097/DCR.0000000000001626 ↗
- Languages:
- English
- ISSNs:
- 0012-3706
- Deposit Type:
- Legaldeposit
- View Content:
- Available online (eLD content is only available in our Reading Rooms) ↗
- Physical Locations:
- British Library DSC - 3598.200000
British Library DSC - BLDSS-3PM
British Library STI - ELD Digital store - Ingest File:
- 13721.xml