Antimicrobial potential of irrigants based on essential oils of Cymbopogon martinii and Thymus zygis towards in vitro multispecies biofilm cultured in ex vivo root canals. (September 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Marinković, Jelena; Ćulafić, Dragana Mitić; Nikolić, Biljana; Đukanović, Stefana; Marković, Tatjana; Tasić, Gvozden; Ćirić, Ana; Marković, Dejan
• Is Part Of: Archives of oral biology. Volume 117(2020)
• Publication Date: 2020-09
• Subjects: MIC minimal inhibitory concentration -- TAP triple antibiotic paste; Multispecies biofilm -- Root canal -- Antibiofilm effect -- Essential oil -- Essential oil-based irrigant -- SEM; Mouth -- Periodicals; Mouth -- Diseases -- Periodicals; Dentistry -- Periodicals; Electronic journals; 617.6005
• DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2020.104842
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0003-9969

Abstract

Highlights: Multispecies biofilm was formed in the root canals of extracted teeth. Biofilm was composed of S. mitis, S. sanguinis and E. faecalis . C. martinii and T. zygis oil irrigants were formulated for root canal irrigation. Biofilm disruptive potential of both oil-based irrigants was shown. Irrigation by NaOCl, saline and C. martini -based irrigant was the most efficient. Abstract: Objective: The objective was to determine the antibiofilm efficacy of Cymbopogon martinii and Thymus zygis essential oils and to estimate the disruption potential of oil-based endodontic irrigants on the multispecies biofilm formed in the root canals of extracted teeth. Design: The essential oils were characterized (GC–MS), while their antibacterial and cytotoxic properties were detected by microdilution and MTT assays. Particles sizes and polydispersity indices were determined for the irrigants. The isolates from root canals of pediatric patients were identified (MALDI-TOF). The multispecies biofilms were formed from Streptococcus mitis, Streptococcus sanguinis and Enterococcus faecalis . Antibiofilm properties of the essential oils and irrigants were determined by crystal violet and plate counting assay. Statistical analysis was performed by one-way ANOVA. Results: The screening of biofilm biomass revealed a disruption potential of C. martinii essential oil. The plate counting assay showed the efficacy of both oils in diminishing cell viability: high in biofilms (reduction of log10 CFU was 2.75–2.87) and moderate in the planktons formed above. The essential oil-based irrigants showed the same antibiofilm activity as in the control (1.5 % sodium hypochlorite) for C. martini and almost 2-fold higher for T. zygis . Successive irrigations with 1.5 % sodium hypochlorite, saline and an oil-based irrigant was more efficient for C. martini than for the control (reductions of log10 CFU was 1.69 and 1.14, respectively). Conclusions: Notable activities achieved by essential oils and oil-based irrigants, particularly regarding C. martini, against the biofilm consisting of S. mitis, S. sanguinis, and E. faecalis, are expected to encourage further research in endodontics.