Intake of Camelina Sativa Oil and Fatty Fish Alter the Plasma Lipid Mediator Profile in Subjects with Impaired Glucose Metabolism – A Randomized Controlled Trial. (August 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Meuronen, Topi; Lankinen, Maria A.; Fauland, Alexander; Shimizu, Bun-ichi; de Mello, Vanessa D.; Laaksonen, David E.; Wheelock, Craig E.; Erkkilä, Arja T.; Schwab, Ursula S.
• Is Part Of: Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids. Volume 159(2020)
• Publication Date: 2020-08
• Subjects: α-linolenic acid -- EPA -- DHA -- lipid mediator -- Camelina sativa; AA arachidonic acid -- ALA α-linolenic acid -- COX cyclooxygenase -- CYP cytochrome P450 -- DGLA dihomo-γ-linolenic acid -- DHA docosahexaenoic acid -- DiHETE dihydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid, DiHETrE, dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acid -- DiHOME dihydroxyoctadecenoic acid -- HODE hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid -- EKODE epoxyketooctadecenoic acid -- EPA eicosapentaenoic acid -- EpETrE epoxyeicosatrienoic acid -- EpODE epoxyoctadecadienoic acid -- EpOME epoxyoctadecenoic acid -- HDoHE hydroxydocosahexaenoic acid, HEPE, hydroxyeicosapentaenoic acid -- HEDE hydroxyeicosatrienoic acid -- HETE hydroxytetraenoic acid -- HETrE hydroxyeicosatrienoic aci d -- HOTrE hydroxyoctadecatrienoic acid -- LXA lipoxin A -- KODE oxo-octadecadienoic acid -- 5-iPF2α-VI 5-iso prostaglandin F2α-VI -- DiHDPA dihydroxy-docosapentaenoic acid, LA, linoleic acid -- LOX lipoxygenase -- NE non-enzymatic auto-oxidation -- PGs prostaglandins -- TriHOME trihydroxyoctadecenoic acid, TXBs, thromboxanes; Lipids -- Periodicals; Unsaturated fatty acids -- Periodicals; Prostaglandins -- Periodicals; Leukotrienes -- Periodicals; Fatty Acids, Unsaturated -- Periodicals; Acides gras insaturés -- Périodiques; Prostaglandines -- Périodiques; Leucotriènes -- Périodiques; Lipides -- Périodiques; 612.01577
• DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2020.102143
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0952-3278

Abstract

Highlights: Dietary short and long chain n-3 fatty acids modify lipid mediator profiles. Eating of fatty fish increases concentrations of hydroxy derivatives of EPA and DHA. Changes in n-3 lipid mediator concentrations follow the intake of their precursor PUFA. Abstract: n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and their lipid mediator metabolites are associated with inflammation. We investigated the effect of dietary intake of plant- and animal-derived n-3 PUFAs and fish protein on the circulatory concentrations of lipid mediators. Seventy-nine subjects with impaired fasting glucose who completed the controlled dietary intervention after randomization to the fatty fish (FF, n=20), lean fish (LF, n=21), Camelina sativa oil (CSO, n=18) or control group (n=20) for 12 weeks were studied. Lipid mediator profiling from fasting plasma samples before and after the intervention was performed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The FF diet increased concentrations of 18-hydroxyeicosapentaenoic acid (18-HEPE) and 4- and 17-hydroxydocosahexaenoic acid (4-, 17-HDoHE) derived from eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), respectively. Concentrations of lipid mediators derived from α-linolenic acid (ALA) increased and arachidonic acid (AA) derived 5-iso prostaglandin F2α -VI decreased in the CSO group. There were no significant changes in lipid mediators in the LF group. The dietary intake of both plant and animal-based n-3 PUFAs increased circulatory concentrations of lipid mediators with potential anti-inflammatory properties. Graphical abstract: Image, graphical abstract