Citral inhibits N‐nitrosodiethylamine‐induced hepatocellular carcinoma via modulation of antioxidants and xenobiotic‐metabolizing enzymes. Issue 9 (17th April 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Krishnan, Palanisamy; Sundaram, Jagan; Salam, Sharmila; Subramaniam, Nirmala; Mari, Ashok; Balaraman, Gopalakrishnan; Thiruvengadam, Devaki
• Is Part Of: Environmental toxicology. Volume 35:Issue 9(2020)
• Page Start: 971
• Page End: 981
• Publication Date: 2020-04-17
• Subjects: citral -- N‐nitrosodiethylamine -- ROS -- serum tumor marker enzymes -- xenobiotic enzymes; Water quality bioassay -- Periodicals; Water -- Pollution -- Toxicology -- Periodicals; Microbiological assay -- Periodicals; Toxicity testing -- Periodicals; Environmental toxicology -- Periodicals; Environmental Pollution -- Periodicals; Environmental Pollutants -- Periodicals; Environmental Monitoring -- Periodicals; Écotoxicologie -- Périodiques; Pollution -- Périodiques; 615.902
• DOI: 10.1002/tox.22933
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1520-4081

Abstract

Abstract: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ranks the sixth position among various cancers worldwide. Recent research shows that natural and dietary compounds possess many therapeutic effects. Citral is a monoterpene aldehyde that contains geranial and neral. The present study was considered to study the role of citral against N‐nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA)‐induced HCC via modulation of antioxidants and xenobiotic‐metabolizing enzymes in vivo. NDEA‐alone‐administered group II animals profoundly showed increased tumor incidence, reactive oxygen species, liver marker enzyme levels, serum bilirubin levels, tumor markers of carcinoembryonic antigen, α‐fetoprotein, proliferative markers of argyrophilic nucleolar organizing regions, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expressions, phase I xenobiotic‐metabolic enzymes and simultaneously decreased antioxidants, and phase II enzymes levels. Citral (100 mg/kg b.w.) treatment significantly reverted the levels in group III cancer‐bearing animals when compared to group II cancer‐bearing animals. In group IV animals, citral‐alone administration did not produce any adverse effect during the experimental condition. Based on the results, citral significantly inhibits the hepatocellular carcinogenesis through restoring the antioxidants and phase II xenobiotic‐enzyme levels; thereby, it strongly proves as an antiproliferative agent against rat HCC.