Drought stress and pathogen infection alter feeding behavior of a phytopathogen vector. Issue 8 (8th June 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Nalam, Vamsi J.; Han, Jinlong; Nachappa, Punya; Szczepaniec, Adrianna
• Is Part Of: Entomologia experimentalis et applicata. Volume 168:Issue 8(2020)
• Page Start: 588
• Page End: 598
• Publication Date: 2020-06-08
• Subjects: Bactericera cockerelli -- Hemiptera -- Triozidae -- potato psyllid -- Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum (Lso) -- zebra chip -- drought stress -- electrical penetration graph -- EPG -- Solanum lycopersicum -- tomato -- Solanaceae -- pathogen infection -- feeding behavior -- phytopathogen vector; Entomology -- Periodicals; 595.7
• DOI: 10.1111/eea.12937
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0013-8703

Abstract

Abstract: The impact of drought stress on tripartite plant‐pathogen‐vector interactions constitutes a complex and largely understudied field of plant‐insect interaction. A number of studies explored these topics using aphid vectors of plant pathogens, but few have considered the interactions between drought‐stressed plants and pathogen‐transmitting psyllids. The potato psyllid, Bactericera cockerelli (Šulc) (Hemiptera: Triozidae), is one of the key pests of solanaceous crops in the USA that causes direct injury as well as indirect injury through transmission of a bacterial pathogen, Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum (Lso), the causal agent of zebra chip. Previous studies explored the impact of Lso infection and drought stress on B. cockerelli development and reproductive rate separately, but no research to date has evaluated whether drought stress and Lso infection alter feeding behavior of the insects. We explored this using the electrical penetration graph (EPG) technique and monitored feeding behavior of Lso‐infected and uninfected potato psyllids on well‐watered and drought‐stressed tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum L., Solanaceae). We found that drought stress had a significant effect on feeding behavior associated with salivation into the phloem and phloem ingestion, both linked to Lso transmission. Furthermore, infected potato psyllids in particular produced a higher number of events associated with these feeding behaviors and remained in these phases longer in well‐watered plants than in plants that were under drought stress. We also reported a new and previously undescribed waveform H of unknown biological function that was produced by the psyllids. This is the first study that considered the impact of bacterial infection and concomitant drought stress on feeding behavior of an insect quantified using EPG. Abstract : We used electrical penetration graph (EPG) technique to monitor feeding behavior of Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum (Lso)‐infected and uninfected potato psyllid, Bactericera cockerelli (Hemiptera: Triozidae), on well‐watered and drought‐stressed tomato, Solanum lycopersicum (Solanaceae). We found strong effects of drought stress and also noted that Lso infection stimulated feeding behavior when insects fed upon well‐watered plants. This is the first study to consider the impact of bacterial infection and concomitant drought stress on feeding behavior of an insect using EPG.