Achromobacter xylosoxidans endocarditis and septic arthritis in an infant affected by generalized arterial calcification of infancy. Issue 6 (18th December 2015)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Levoy, Craig S.; Hall, David J.; Berman, David
• Is Part Of: JMM case reports. Volume 2:Issue 6(2015)
• Publication Date: 2015-12-18
• Subjects: Achromobacter xylosoxidans -- colistin -- endocarditis -- generalized arterial calcification of infancy -- septic arthritis; Medical microbiology -- Periodicals; 616.9041
• DOI: 10.1099/jmmcr.0.005006
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2053-3721

Abstract

Abstract : Introduction: Achromobacter xylosoxidans is a non-fermentative aerobic Gram-negative bacillus, which most frequently causes nosocomial infections. Endocarditis from the pathogen has only rarely been reported and has a near-fatal outcome without surgical intervention. Case Presentation: We present a case of A. xylosoxidans endocarditis and septic arthritis in an infant affected by generalized arterial calcification of infancy. The patient was successfully treated with 6 weeks of intravenous colistin, meropenem and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. Conclusion: This is the first reported case of colistin used to treat A. xylosoxidans endocarditis. We discuss the antibiotic challenges of treating multidrug-resistant A. xylosoxidans endocarditis in a patient who is not a surgical candidate.