Plastic smoke aerosol: Nano-sized particle distribution, absorption/fluorescent properties, dysregulation of oxidative processes and synaptic transmission in rat brain nerve terminals. (August 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Borysov, Arsenii; Tarasenko, Alla; Krisanova, Natalia; Pozdnyakova, Natalia; Pastukhov, Artem; Dudarenko, Marina; Paliienko, Konstantin; Borisova, Tatiana
• Is Part Of: Environmental pollution. Volume 263(2020)Supplement Part A
• Publication Date: 2020-08
• Subjects: Plastic smoke aerosol -- Water-suspended plastic smoke particulate matter -- Neurotransmitters glutamate and GABA -- Neurotoxicity -- Environmentally-derived health threats; (PM) particulate matter -- (WPS) water-suspended plastic smoke -- (GABA) γ-aminobutryic acid -- (EDTA) ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid -- (HEPES) 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazineethanesulfonic acid -- (ROS) oxygen species -- (DCF) 2′, 7′-dichlorofluorescein; Pollution -- Periodicals; Pollution -- Environmental aspects -- Periodicals; Environmental Pollution -- Periodicals; Pollution -- Périodiques; Pollution -- Aspect de l'environnement -- Périodiques; Pollution -- Effets physiologiques -- Périodiques; Pollution; Pollution -- Environmental aspects; Periodicals; Electronic journals; 363.73
• DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114502
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0269-7491

Abstract

Abstract: Smoke from plastic waste incineration in an open air travels worldwide and is a major source of air pollution particulate matter (PM) that is very withstand to degradation and hazard to human health. Suspension of smoke aerosol components in water occurs during rains and fire extinguishing. Here, water-s uspended plastic s moke aerosol (WPS) preparations suitable for biotesting were synthesized. It has been revealed using dynamic light scattering that WPS contained major nano-sized (∼30 nm) PM fraction, and this result was confirmed by electron microscopy. Optical absorption of WPS was in the UV region and an increase in λex led to a red-shift in fluorescence emission with a corresponding decrease in fluorescence intensity. WPS was analyzed in neurotoxicity studies in vitro using presynaptic rat cortex nerve terminals (synaptosomes). Generation of spontaneous reactive oxygen species (ROS) detected using fluorescent dye 2′, 7-dichlorofluorescein in nerve terminals was decreased by WPS (10–50 μg/ml) in a dose-dependent manner. WPS also reduced the H2 O2 -evoked ROS production in synaptosomes, thereby influencing cellular oxidative processes and this effect was similar to that for carbon nanodots. WPS (0.1 mg/ml) decreased the synaptosomal membrane potential and synaptic vesicle acidification in fluorimetric experiments. WPS (1.0 mg/ml) attenuated the synaptosomal transporter-mediated uptake of excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters, L-[ 14 C]glutamate and [ 3 H]GABA, respectively. This can lead to an excessive increase in the glutamate concentration in the synaptic cleft and neurotoxicity via over activation of ionotropic glutamate receptors. Therefore, WPS was neurotoxic and provoked presynaptic malfunction through changes of oxidative activity, reduction of the membrane potential, synaptic vesicle acidification, and transporter-mediated uptake of excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters in nerve terminals. In summary, synthesis and emission to the environment of ultrafine PM occur during combustion of plastics, thereby polluting air and water resources, and possibly triggering development of neuropathologies. Graphical abstract: Image 1 Highlights: Water-s uspended plastic s moke aerosol (WPS) contained nano-sized (∼30 nm) PM fraction. WPS optical absorption was in the UV region and its fluorescence features were characterized. Generation of spontaneous reactive oxygen species in cortex nerve terminals decreased by WPS. WPS decreased synaptosomal transporter-mediated uptake of L-[ 14 C]glutamate and [ 3 H]GABA. WPS decreased the synaptosomal membrane potential and synaptic vesicle acidification.