Challenges to future regenerative applications using kidney organoids. (March 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Takasato, Minoru; Wymeersch, Filip J.
• Is Part Of: Current opinion in biomedical engineering. Volume 13(2020)
• Page Start: 144
• Page End: 151
• Publication Date: 2020-03
• Subjects: Kidney organoid -- Kidney development -- Kidney-on-a-chip -- Modelling renal diseases; Biomedical engineering -- Periodicals; 610.28
• DOI: 10.1016/j.cobme.2020.03.003
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2468-4511

Abstract

Abstract: With recent advances in stem cell research, human pluripotent stem cells have been successfully differentiated into self-organizing tissues called 'organoids'. The cells and their organization within these organoids show a high degree of similarity to in vivo tissues and could ultimately lead the way to regenerative medicine. For example, human-induced pluripotent stem cell–derived kidney organoids contain all cell types found in the human kidney and are remarkably well organized. However, additional efforts will be needed to overcome challenges such as the lack of cell maturation, limited cell diversity, vascularization and functionality, immediate applications including nephrotoxicity screening, the modelling of kidney development and renal diseases or a 'kidney-on-a-chip' concepts are already starting to materialize. In this review, the most recent protocols of generating kidney organoids will be discussed in addition to bioengineering approaches using microfluidics and modelling of renal disease-related phenotypes in kidney organoids differentiated from patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells.