Darunavir/cobicistat/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide in treatment-naïve patients with HIV-1: subgroup analyses of the phase 3 AMBER study. Issue 1 (2nd January 2019)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Rashbaum, Bruce; Spinner, Christoph D.; McDonald, Cheryl; Mussini, Cristina; Jezorwski, John; Luo, Donghan; Van Landuyt, Erika; Brown, Kimberley; Wong, Eric Y.
• Is Part Of: HIV research & clinical practice. Volume 20:Issue 1(2019)
• Page Start: 24
• Page End: 33
• Publication Date: 2019-01-02
• Subjects: HIV-1 -- darunavir -- antiretroviral -- protease inhibitor -- single-tablet regimen -- tenofovir alafenamide -- treatment initiation; HIV Infections -- therapy; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome -- therapy; Clinical Trials as Topic; Clinical Medicine; AIDS (Disease) -- Treatment -- Periodicals; AIDS (Disease) -- Treatment; Periodicals; Periodical; 616.9792
• DOI: 10.1080/15284336.2019.1608714
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2578-7489

Abstract

Abstract : Background : The once-daily, single-tablet regimen darunavir/cobicistat/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (D/C/F/TAF) 800/150/200/10 mg is approved for the treatment of HIV-1 infection. The 48-week efficacy and safety of D/C/F/TAF versus darunavir/cobicistat + emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (control) in treatment-naïve adults were demonstrated in the phase 3 AMBER study. Objective : To describe AMBER outcomes across patient subgroups based on demographic and clinical characteristics at baseline. Methods : AMBER patients had viral load (VL) ≥1000 copies/mL, CD4 + cell count >50 cells/µL, and genotypic susceptibility to darunavir, emtricitabine, and tenofovir. Primary endpoint was the proportion of patients with virologic response (VL <50 copies/mL; FDA snapshot). Safety was assessed by adverse events, estimated glomerular filtration rate (cystatin C; eGFRcystC ), and bone mineral density. Outcomes were assessed by age (≤/>50 years), gender, race (black/non-black), baseline VL (≤/>100, 000 copies/mL), baseline CD4 + cell count (</≥200 cells/µL), and baseline WHO clinical stage of HIV infection (1/2). Results : For the 725 AMBER patients (D/C/F/TAF: 362; control: 363), virologic response rates at week 48 were similar with D/C/F/TAF (91%) and control (88%), and this was consistent across all subgroups. Adverse event rates were similar in both arms, although numerically higher among patients >50 years and women, relative to their comparator groups, regardless of treatment arm (notably, sample sizes were small for patients >50 years and women). Improvements in eGFRcystC and stable bone mineral density were observed with D/C/F/TAF overall, and results were generally consistent across subgroups. Conclusions : For treatment-naïve patients in AMBER, initiating therapy with the D/C/F/TAF single-tablet regimen was an effective and well-tolerated option, regardless of demographic or clinical characteristics. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02431247.