Histological evaluation of peri-implant mucosal and gingival tissues in peri-implantitis, peri-implant mucositis and periodontitis patients: a cross-sectional clinical study. (18th May 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Karatas, Ozkan; Balci Yuce, Hatice; Taskan, Mehmet Murat; Gevrek, Fikret; Lafci, Emre; Kasap, Hayrunnisa
• Is Part Of: Acta odontologica Scandinavica. Volume 78:Number 4(2020)
• Page Start: 241
• Page End: 249
• Publication Date: 2020-05-18
• Subjects: Hypoxia -- inflammation -- MMP-8 -- peri-implantitis -- periodontitis; Dentistry -- Periodicals; 617.6005
• DOI: 10.1080/00016357.2019.1691256
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0001-6357

Abstract

Abstract: Objective: Aim of present study was to evaluate gingival tissue samples obtained from healthy and diseased sites of teeth and dental implants in terms of hypoxia and collagenase activity. Methods: Four study groups were created as Group-1; healthy individuals (H), Group-2; periodontitis patients with stage 3 grade B (P), Group-3; patients with peri-implant mucositis. Group-4; patients with peri-implantitis (P-IMP). Plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI) and probing pocket depth (PPD) were recorded. Gingival and peri-implant mucosal biopsies were obtained. Fibroblast and inflammatory cells were counted. Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α, prolyl hydroxylase (PH), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-8, tissue inhibitor of MMPs (TIMP)-1, cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) levels were determined via immunohistochemistry. Results: Healthy controls had highest fibroblast cell counts and lowest inflammatory cell counts compared to other groups. Peri-implantitis and periodontitis samples had similar fibroblast and inflammatory cell counts, while peri-implant mucositis had higher fibroblast cells and lowered inflammatory cells compared to periodontitis and peri-implantitis samples. HIF-1α, COX-2 and iNOS levels were lowest in healthy controls and increased in other groups. Peri-implant mucositis samples had significantly lower expressions of HIF-1α, COX-2 and iNOS compared to peri-implantitis and periodontitis groups. PH expressions were lower in periodontitis and peri-implantitis groups compared to healthy controls and peri-implant mucositis groups. MMP-8 levels were lower in healthy group compared to other groups while levels were similar in periodontitis, peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis groups. TIMP levels were similar in groups. Conclusion: Periodontitis, peri-implantitis, and peri-implant mucositis samples exhibited higher inflammation and lower fibroblast cell counts and tend to have increased tissue collagenase activity, hypoxia and inflammation compared to healthy samples.