Characteristic dietary habits associated with high values of estimated 24-hours urinary sodium excretion and sodium-to-potassium ratio assessed by age group among the residents of a rural town in Japan. (3rd July 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Seko, Chikako; Odani, Kiyoko; Wada, Sayori; Yoshii, Kengo; Segawa, Hiroyoshi; Kitaoka, Kaori; Masumoto, Taeko; Higashi, Akane
• Is Part Of: Clinical and experimental hypertension. Volume 42:Number 5(2020)
• Page Start: 449
• Page End: 459
• Publication Date: 2020-07-03
• Subjects: Urinary sodium excretion -- urinary salt excretion -- urinary sodium-to-potassium ratio -- dietary habits -- age group -- salt reduction -- public health; Hypertension -- Chemotherapy -- Periodicals; Hypotensive agents -- Periodicals; 616.132
• DOI: 10.1080/10641963.2019.1693587
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1064-1963

Abstract

ABSTRACT: Excess salt intake causes hypertension and cardiovascular disease (CVD). We examined estimated 24-h urinary sodium (Na) excretion and sodium-to-potassium (Na/K) ratio and analyzed the association between estimated 24-h urinary salt excretion (urinary salt excretion) and dietary habits by age group to develop effective public health programs to promote salt reduction. A total of 4, 051 subjects aged 30–74 years old received information during periodic health checkups. In the analysis, 1, 202 subjects without hypertension whose urine samples and dietary habits were confirmed (29.7%; 483 men and 719 women) were included. The median urinary salt excretion was 9.1 g/day in men and 8.6 g/day in women. Daily intake of soups in men aged <50 years old and daily intake of beans, soups, or pickles in women aged ≥70 years old were associated with high values of urinary salt excretion ( p = .03, p < .01, p = .01, and p = .02, respectively). The median urinary Na/K ratio (mEq/mEq) was 4.4 in both men and women. Daily intake of vegetables in men aged <50 years old and more than 3 days/week intake of fruit in women aged 50–59 and 60–69 years old were associated with lower values of urinary Na/K ratio ( p = .03, p < .01, and p < .01, respectively). These findings revealed that dietary salt reduction should be promoted according to age group with regard to differences in dietary habits associated with high values of estimated 24-h urinary Na excretion and urinary Na/K ratio.