Improvement of NRF2 gene expression and antioxidant status in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus after supplementation with omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids: A double-blind randomised placebo-controlled clinical trial. (April 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Golpour, Pegah; Nourbakhsh, Mitra; Mazaherioun, Maryam; Janani, Leila; Nourbakhsh, Mona; Yaghmaei, Parichehreh
• Is Part Of: Diabetes research and clinical practice. Volume 162(2020)
• Publication Date: 2020-04
• Subjects: Type 2 diabetes -- Omega-3 fatty acids -- Antioxidants -- NRF2 -- Sestrin 2 -- Gene expression; Diabetes -- Periodicals; Diabetes Mellitus -- Periodicals; 616.462
• DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2020.108120
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0168-8227

Abstract

Abstract: Background: Nrf2 is a transcription factor that induces the expression of several proteins with antioxidant properties such as sestrin2 (Sesn2) and is therefore considered as the major regulator of anti-oxidative defence system. Objectives: The aim of this research was to study the effect of supplementation with n-3 PUFAs on the antioxidant status and the gene expression of Nrf2 and Sestrin2 (Sesn2) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Participants: Sixty patients with T2DM were enrolled in a placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomised clinical trial. Intervention and design: The participants were randomly allocated to two intervention groups receiving either n-3 PUFAs (2, 700 mg/day) (n = 30) or placebo soft gels containing 900 mg of edible paraffin (n = 30). The main outcome measures were the expression of Sesn2 and Nrf2 genes which were assessed in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) after RNA extraction and cDNA synthesis by real-time PCR. Total antioxidant status in plasma samples was also measured based on the ferric reducing ability of plasma. Results: NRF2 gene expression was significantly increased in n-3 PUFA-supplemented subjects, compared with the placebo group. Plasma total antioxidant status was also significantly augmented in n-3 PUFA-supplemented subjects. SESN2 gene expression was not significantly affected by n-3 PUFA supplementation although a slight up-regulation was observed. Conclusion: Supplementation with n-3 PUFAs enhanced NRF2 gene expression and improved overall antioxidant capacity and thus might be considered beneficial in the amelioration of oxidative stress and prevention of T2DM complications. Trial registration: IRCT20150926024198N4.