A multi-biomarker approach using integrated biomarker response to assess the effect of pH on triclosan toxicity in Pangasianodon hypophthalmus (Sauvage, 1878). (May 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Paul, Tapas; Kumar, Saurav; Shukla, S.P.; Pal, Prasenjit; Kumar, Kundan; Poojary, Nalini; Biswal, Abhilipsa; Mishra, Archana
• Is Part Of: Environmental pollution. Volume 260(2020)
• Publication Date: 2020-05
• Subjects: Integrated biomarker response -- Triclosan -- pH -- Oxidative stress -- Genotoxicity; Pollution -- Periodicals; Pollution -- Environmental aspects -- Periodicals; Environmental Pollution -- Periodicals; Pollution -- Périodiques; Pollution -- Aspect de l'environnement -- Périodiques; Pollution -- Effets physiologiques -- Périodiques; Pollution; Pollution -- Environmental aspects; Periodicals; Electronic journals; 363.73
• DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114001
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0269-7491

Abstract

Abstract: Application of biomarkers is an effective approach for a better understanding of varying toxicity in aquatic organisms during the seasonal and diurnal changes in the natural environment. This report describes the toxicity of sub-lethal concentrations of triclosan (TCS) at different pH (6.5, 7.5 and 8.5) based on selected biomarkers related to oxidative stress, metabolism and genotoxicity in Pangasianodon hypophthalmus . The 96 h LC50 of TCS for P. hypophthalmus was lower at pH 6.5 when compared to higher pH. The sub-lethal concentration of TCS exhibited a significant decrease in hematological parameters related to complete blood counts except for total leukocyte count (TLC), mean cell haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) and red cell distribution width (RDW). Multivariate data analysis showed a significant interaction of TCS and pH in metabolizing enzymes like glutamic oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT), glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT), Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione-s-transferase (GST) and neurotransmitter enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE). A significant increase in DNA damage and micronuclei frequency in liver and blood cells of TCS exposed fish at pH 6.5 indicate that the TCS exposure has pronounced effects on genetic materials. The findings of present study establish that enzymes like SOD, LDH, GOT, AChE, DNA damage and micronuclei frequency can be successfully deployed as biomarkers for the assessment of toxicity of TCS in fish. Graphical abstract: Image 1 Highlights: Lower pH elevates the acute toxicity of triclosan in P. hypophthalmus . Multivariate analysis showed significant effect of pH on TCS toxicity in P. hypophthalmus . IBR index showed variation in response of biomarkers in different fish tissues. SOD, LDH, GOT and AChE are most potential biomarkers for assessing TCS toxicity. Lower pH and increased TCS concentration potentiate MNi and DNA damage to blood and liver cells. Abstract : SOD, LDH, GOT, AChE and number of micronuclei in selected organs are potential biomarkers for assessing triclosan (TCS) toxicity. DNA damage in blood and liver cells of P. hypophthalmus was enhanced due to TCS exposure of the fish.