Microbial diversity and composition of the Preah Vihear temple in Cambodia by high-throughput sequencing based on genomic DNA and RNA. (April 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Meng, Han; Zhang, Xiaofeng; Katayama, Yoko; Ge, Qinya; Gu, Ji-Dong
• Is Part Of: International biodeterioration & biodegradation. Volume 149(2020)
• Publication Date: 2020-04
• Subjects: Preah Vihear temple -- Biodeterioration -- Microbial composition -- High-throughput DNA and RNA sequencing; Biodegradation -- Periodicals; Bioremediation -- Periodicals; Biodegradation -- Periodicals; Biodégradation -- Périodiques; Biorestauration -- Périodiques; Electronic journals; 620.11223
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ibiod.2020.104936
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0964-8305

Abstract

Abstract: The Preah Vihear temple is located in Cambodia and next to the border with Thailand. It was constructed in the 9th-12th centuries on a cliff 550–630 m above sea level and has become one of the UNESCO World Cultural Heritages since 2008. In this study, both DNA and RNA from the temple samples of deteriorated materials were extracted for high-throughput sequencing to analyze microbial community profile. Based on the results of bacterial 16S rRNA gene, the core phyla were dominated by Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Chloroflexi, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Proteobacteria, but Proteobacteria was the only one increased significantly in RNA sequencing results among all core phyla. Specifically, the ratios of Rhizobiales and Rhodospirillales of α-Proteobacteria, Oxalobacteriaceae of β-Proteobacteria, and Myxococcales of δ-Proteobacteria showed a decrease in DNA sequencing results, but the proportion of Enterobacteriales of γ-Proteobacteria increased sharply. The genus Citrobacter of γ-Proteobacteria was the singlely dominant one in both DNA and RNA results of this study. These results indicate that there is a rich diversity in the microbiome associated with the temple sandstone, but the results were different significantly between DNA and RNA used for high through-put sequencing analysis. The results indicate a need to reveal the active members in the community based on RNA than DNA for microbial community analysis to provide meaningful information for conservation and protection. Graphical abstract: Image 1 Highlights: The baseline microbiome of the Preah Vihear temple analyzed. There is a clear great difference in pyrosequencing data between genomic DNA and RNA. Enterobacteriales from the γ-Proteobacteria increased sharply in RNA-based data. Sulfur and ammonia oxidizing organisms showed significant dominance.