Frequency and characteristics of short versus longitudinally extensive myelitis in adults with MOG antibodies: A retrospective multicentric study. (July 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Ciron, Jonathan; Cobo-Calvo, Alvaro; Audoin, Bertrand; Bourre, Bertrand; Brassat, David; Cohen, Mikael; Collongues, Nicolas; Deschamps, Romain; Durand-Dubief, Françoise; Laplaud, David; Maillart, Elisabeth; Papeix, Caroline; Zephir, Hélène; Bereau, Matthieu; Brochet, Bruno; Carra-Dallière, Clarisse; Derache, Nathalie; Gagou-Scherer, Clarisse; Henry, Carole; Kerschen, Philippe; Mathey, Guillaume; Maubeuge, Nicolas; Maurousset, Aude; Montcuquet, Alexis; Moreau, Thibault; Prat, Christophe; Taithe, Frédéric; Thouvenot, Eric; Tourbah, Ayman; Rollot, Fabien; Vukusic, Sandra; Marignier, Romain;
• Is Part Of: Multiple sclerosis. Volume 26:Number 8(2020)
• Page Start: 936
• Page End: 944
• Publication Date: 2020-07
• Subjects: Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein -- myelitis -- prognosis; Central nervous system -- Diseases -- Periodicals; Myelin sheath -- Diseases -- Periodicals; Inflammation -- Periodicals; Multiple sclerosis -- Periodicals; Central Nervous System Diseases -- Periodicals; Demyelinating Diseases -- Periodicals; Inflammation -- Periodicals; Multiple Sclerosis -- Periodicals; Système nerveux central -- Maladies -- Périodiques; Gaine de myéline -- Maladies -- Périodiques; Inflammation (Pathologie) -- Périodiques; Sclérose en plaques -- Périodiques; Electronic journals; 616.834005
• DOI: 10.1177/1352458519849511
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1352-4585

Abstract

Objectives: We aim to (1) determine the frequency and distinctive features of short myelitis (SM) and longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis (LETM) in a cohort of adults with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)-antibody (Ab)-associated myelitis and (2) determine baseline prognostic factors among MOG-Ab-positive patients whose disease started with myelitis. Material and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed clinical and paraclinical variables from a multicentric French cohort of adults with MOG-Ab-associated myelitis. At last follow-up, patients were classified into two groups according to the severity of the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) as ⩽2.5 or ⩾3.0. Results: Seventy-three patients with at least one episode of myelitis over disease course were included; among them, 28 (38.4%) presented with SM at the time of the first myelitis. Motor and sphincter involvement was less frequently observed in SM (51.9% and 48.2%, respectively) than in LETM patients (83.3% and 78.6%, respectively), p = 0.007 and p = 0.017; 61% of LETM patients displayed brain lesions compared to 28.6% in the SM group, p = 0.008, and the thoracic segment was more frequently involved in the LETM (82.2%) than in the SM group (39.3%), p < 0.001. EDSS at last follow-up was higher in LETM (median 3.0 (interquartile range: 2.0–4.0)) compared to SM patients (2.0, (1.0–3.0)), p = 0.042. Finally, a higher EDSS at onset was identified as the only independent risk factor for EDSS ⩾3.0 (odds ratio, 1.40, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.01–1.95, p = 0.046). Conclusion: SM in MOG-Ab-associated disease is not rare. The severity at onset was the only independent factor related to the final prognosis in MOG-Ab-associated myelitis.