Human parvovirus B19 frequency among blood donors after an epidemic outbreak: relevance of the epidemiological scenario for transfusion medicine. Issue 5 (May 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Adamo, María Pilar; Blanco, Sebastián; Viale, Franco; Rivadera, Sabrina; Rodríguez-Lombardi, Gonzalo; Pedranti, Mauro; Carrizo, Horacio; Gallego, Sandra
• Is Part Of: Heliyon. Volume 6:Issue 5(2020)
• Publication Date: 2020-05
• Subjects: Health sciences -- Infectious disease -- Virology -- Laboratory medicine -- Biomarkers -- Human erythroparvovirus B19 -- Blood donor -- Blood safety -- Persistent infection -- Argentina; Research -- Periodicals; Medical sciences -- Periodicals; Natural history -- Periodicals; Social sciences -- Periodicals; Earth sciences -- Periodicals; Physical sciences -- Periodicals; 507.2
• DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03869
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2405-8440

Abstract

Abstract: A retrospective, cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the frequency of human parvovirus B19 (B19V) infected individuals, viral loads and immunity among blood donors from Argentina, in a post-epidemic outbreak period. B19V DNA and specific IgG were tested in minimum study samples of donors attending a blood bank at Córdoba, Argentina, in 2014. Anti-B19V IgM and viral loads were determined in B19V-positive plasma samples. Seven of 731 samples (0.96%) resulted positive, corresponding to individuals aged 32–53 years, four of them repeat donnors and three first-time donors. Viral loads were <10 3 IU/mL. None had IgM and 6/7 had IgG, one of them at a high level (in the range of 100–200 IU/ml, and the remaining 5 at low to medium level, 5–50 IU/ml). Thus one case was classified as acute infection (DNA+/IgM-/IgG-) and six as potentially persistent infections (DNA+/IgM-/IgG+). No coinfections with other pathogens of mandatory control in the pre-transfusion screening were detected. Prevalence of IgG was 77.9% (279/358). This study provides the first data of B19V prevalence in blood donors in Argentina, demonstrating high rates of acute and persistent B19V infections and high prevalence of anti-B19V IgG in a post-epidemic period. Further research is needed to elucidate mechanisms/factors for B19V persistence as well as follow-up of recipients in the context of haemo-surveillance programs, contributing to the knowledge of B19V and blood transfusion safety. Abstract : Health sciences; Infectious disease; Virology; Laboratory medicine; Biomarkers; Human erythroparvovirus B19; Blood donor; Blood safety; Persistent infection; Argentina.