Non-pharmacological strategies to obtain usable magnetic resonance images in non-sedated infants: Systematic review and meta-analysis. (June 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Torres, Elisa R.; Tumey, Tyler A.; Dean, Douglas C.; Kassahun-Yimer, Wondwosen; Lopez-Lambert, Eloise D.; Hitchcock, Mary E.
• Is Part Of: International journal of nursing studies. Volume 106(2020)
• Publication Date: 2020-06
• Subjects: Infants -- Sedation -- MRI -- Safety; Nursing -- Periodicals; Nursing -- Periodicals; Soins infirmiers -- Périodiques; Nursing; Periodicals; 610.73
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2020.103551
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0020-7489

Abstract

Abstract: Background: Although the use of sedation is commonly practiced to keep infants still while receiving magnetic resonance imaging, non-pharmacological strategies are a potential alternative. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the success rate of obtaining usable magnetic resonance images in infants with the sole use of non-pharmacological strategies. Design: Systematic literature review and meta-analysis Setting: A search was conducted in PubMed, CINAHL and Cochrane Library. Participants: Human infants from birth to 24 months of age who did not receive any sedation or anesthesia during magnetic resonance imaging Method: Articles that reported the success rate of obtaining usable images were included. Results: Of the 521 non-duplicate articles found, 58 articles were included in the systematic review with sample sizes ranging from 2–457, an average success rate of 87.8%, and an average scan time of 30 min. The most common non-pharmacological technique included feeding and swaddling infants before imaging to encourage infants to sleep during the scan. Meta-analysis performed on 53 articles comprising 3, 410 infants found a success rate of 87%, but significant heterogeneity was found ( I 2 = 98.30%). It was more difficult to obtain usable images solely with non-pharmacological techniques if infants were critically ill or a structural magnetic resonance imaging of the brain was required. Conclusion: Non-pharmacological techniques are effective for obtaining usable magnetic resonance imaging scans in most but not all infants. Tweetable abstract: Non-pharmacological techniques are effective for obtaining usable magnetic resonance imaging scans in most infants.