Comparative morphology of clasping structures in predator stink bugs (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae: Asopinae): Insights into their function and evolution. (July 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Roell, Talita; Genevcius, Bruno C.; Campos, Luiz A.
• Is Part Of: Arthropod structure & development. Volume 57(2020)
• Publication Date: 2020-07
• Subjects: Diaphragm -- Genital plates -- Paramere -- Pygophore -- Superior process; Arthropoda -- Morphology -- Periodicals; Arthropoda -- Anatomy -- Periodicals; Arthropoda -- Cytology -- Periodicals; Arthropods -- growth & development -- Periodicals; 595
• DOI: 10.1016/j.asd.2020.100949
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1467-8039

Abstract

Abstract: Parameres are male genital structures found in many insects which are often used as clasping devices to exert dominance in copula. The asopines have evolved a remarkable additional pair of similar structures, often denominated processes, which combines with the parameres in a tweezers-like system. Processes in similar positions have also been found in other subfamilies of Pentatomidae, but smaller and less developed. Using scanning electron microscopy, we document the among-species variability found in the clasping structures in asopines. We first revealed a vast diversity of ornamentations, such as sensilla and microsculpture. When present, these ornamentations are invariably found on both, the parameres and processes, and often on the corresponding female parts, the valvifers VIII, indicating a functional role of attachment and sensory perception in copula for the ornamentations. We also show that the processes are drastically different between the Asopinae and non-asopines. Therefore, we suggest the term "pseudoclasper" for the Asopinae processes and "superior process of dorsal rim" for the remaining examined taxa. The pseudoclaspers are directly connected to and attached in the same place as the parameres in asopines, while the superior processes of dorsal rim and parameres are completely disconnected in other pentatomids. These results indicate a non-homologous origin between pseudoclaspers and superior processes of dorsal rim in Pentatomidae. Highlights: Parameres, processes, and valvifers VIII have similar ornamentations. The processes are drastically different between Asopinae and non-asopines. Parameres and processes are joined structures in Asopinae. Parameres and processes of Asopinae are anchored to the ventral wall of pygophore. In non-asopines the processes are extensions from the inner wall of the dorsal rim.