Hip resurfacing arthroplasty for end-stage arthritis caused by childhood hip disease. Issue 5 (September 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Su, Edwin P; Morgenstern, Rachelle; Khan, Imraan; Gaillard, Melissa D; Gross, Thomas P
• Is Part Of: Hip international. Volume 30:Issue 5(2020)
• Page Start: 572
• Page End: 580
• Publication Date: 2020-09
• Subjects: Acetabular dysplasia -- hip resurfacing arthroplasty -- Legg-Calvé-Perthes -- proximal femoral anatomy -- slipped capital femoral epiphysis -- total hip arthroplasty; Hip joint -- Pathophysiology -- Periodicals; Hip joint -- Diseases -- Periodicals; Hip joint -- Surgery -- Periodicals; 617.581005
• DOI: 10.1177/1120700019858728
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1120-7000

Abstract

Introduction: Patients with hip arthritis due to Legg-Calvé-Perthes (LCP) and slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) pose altered femoral anatomy, making hip resurfacing arthroplasty (HRA) technically complicated. We examined implant survival and clinical symptoms in patients with a history of LCP or SCPE who underwent HRA for end-stage osteoarthritis. Methods: Data was collected for patients who underwent HRA for osteoarthritis due to LCP ( n = 59) or SCFE ( n = 32). Harris Hip Scores (HHS), UCLA activity scores, and radiographs were evaluated pre and postoperatively. Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Tests and Kaplan-Meier Survivorship curves were used to analyse data. Results: Survivorship for freedom from revision or clinical failure was 93.55(95% CI, 78.47–98.18) at 5.79 years, up until the most recent follow-up of 11.23 years. There were 3 failures: 1 LCP due to instability at 2.4 years, 1 SCFE due to femoral neck fracture at 1 month, and another SCFE due to unexplained pain at 5.8 years. Five patients, 1 LCP and 4 SCFE, had retained hardware prior to surgery; 4 had their hardware removed during surgery. Postoperatively HHS and UCLA activity scores increased ( p < 0.0001, for both measures). Leg-length discrepancy improved preoperatively from 7.9 (0.0–32) mm to 0.65 (0.0–10) mm postoperatively ( p < 0.0001). Follow-up radiographs of all non-failure HRA patients revealed implants to be in good alignment with no indication of loosening. Conclusion: Although HRA in SCFE and LCP patients increases technical difficulties, findings demonstrate excellent implant survival, no intraoperative complications, and improvements in leg-length discrepancies and clinical functional outcomes.