Pertussis in Lao PDR: Seroprevalence and disease. (June 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Kleine, Daria; Billamay, Somxay; Chanthavilay, Phetsavanh; Mongkhoune, Sodaly; Keokhamphoui, Chirapha; Souksakhone, Chanthala; Nouanthong, Phonethipsavanh; Khamphaphongphane, Bouaphan; Muller, Claude P.; Black, Antony P.
• Is Part Of: International journal of infectious diseases. Volume 95(2020)
• Page Start: 282
• Page End: 287
• Publication Date: 2020-06
• Subjects: Bordetella pertussis -- Seroprevalence -- Lao PDR -- Vaccine immunogenicity -- Vaccine-preventable infection; Communicable diseases -- Periodicals; Communicable Diseases -- Periodicals; Communicable diseases; Periodicals; Electronic journals; 616.9
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.03.074
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1201-9712

Abstract

Abstract: Objectives: Pertussis is a debilitating vaccine-preventable infection. The aim of this study was to determine susceptibility and exposure to pertussis in Lao PDR in different age groups and subpopulations. Methods: A total 3072 serum samples were obtained from different cohorts: children with documented vaccination, pre-schoolers, schoolchildren, blood donors, healthcare workers (HCWs), and pregnant women and paired cord blood. Samples were tested for anti-pertussis toxin IgG antibodies. A history of Bordetella pertussis exposure was defined according to antibody titres. Four hundred and seventy-five throat swabs and nasopharyngeal aspirates were analysed by PCR for the presence of B. pertussis in symptomatic children at the Children's Hospital in Vientiane. Results: Overall pertussis seroprevalence was 57.5%. The prevalence of titres indicating acute infection or recent vaccination or infection/vaccination within the last 12 months ranged from 7.4% (100/1356) in adults to 21.4% (25/117) in pre-schoolers (age 1–5 years). B. pertussis was detected in 1.05% (5/475) of children with respiratory symptoms in Vientiane Capital. Conclusions: It is suggested that routine childhood vaccination, in particular outreach, as well as vaccination of HCWs should be strengthened. A childhood booster and vaccination of pregnant mothers should be considered. There is also a need to improve reporting and to introduce pertussis testing in at least one central facility.