The faecal scent of inflammatory bowel disease: Detection and monitoring based on volatile organic compound analysis. Issue 7 (July 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Bosch, Sofie; Wintjens, Dion S.J.; Wicaksono, Alfian; Kuijvenhoven, Johan; van der Hulst, René; Stokkers, Pieter; Daulton, Emma; Pierik, Marieke J.; Covington, James A.; de Meij, Tim G.J.; de Boer, Nanne K.H.
• Is Part Of: Digestive and liver disease. Volume 52:Issue 7(2020)
• Page Start: 745
• Page End: 752
• Publication Date: 2020-07
• Subjects: Inflammatory bowel disease -- Faecal volatile organic compounds -- Non-invasive biomarkers; VOC volatile organic compound -- IBD inflammatory bowel disease -- CD Crohn's disease -- UC ulcerative colitis -- IBDa active inflammatory bowel disease -- IBDr inflammatory bowel disease in remission -- CDa active Crohn's disease -- CDr Crohn's disease in remission -- UCa active ulcerative colitis -- UCr ulcerative colitis in remission -- HC healthy controls -- FCP faecal calprotectin -- GC-IMS Gas chromatography – ion mobility spectrometry -- eNose electronic Nose -- GC-MS gas chromatography – Mass spectrometry -- HBI Harvey Bradshaw Index -- SCCAI Simple Clinical Colitis Activity Index -- METc Medical Ethical Review Committee -- ELISA Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay -- FEIA fluoro enzyme immuno assay -- FAIMS Field asymmetric ion mobility spectrometry -- ROC receiver operator characteristics -- AUC area under the curve -- SCFA short chain fatty acid; Digestive organs -- Diseases -- Periodicals; Liver -- Diseases -- Periodicals; 616.33005
• DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2020.03.007
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1590-8658

Abstract

Abstract: Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is diagnosed and monitored using endoscopic assessment, which is invasive and costly. In this study, potential of faecal volatile organic compounds (VOC) analysis for IBD detection and identification of disease activity was evaluated. Methods: IBD patients visiting outpatient clinics of participating tertiary hospitals were included. Active disease was defined as FCP ≥250 mg/g, remission as FCP <100 mg/g with Harvey Bradshaw Index <4 for Crohn's disease (CD) or Simple Clinical Colitis Activity Index <3 for ulcerative colitis (UC). Healthy controls (HC) were patients without mucosal abnormalities during colonoscopy. Faecal samples were measured using gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry. Results: A total of 280 IBD patients collected 107 CDa, 84 CDr, 80 UCa and 63 UCr samples. Additionally, 227 HC provided one faecal sample. UC and CD were discriminated from HC with high accuracy (AUC (95%CI): UCa vs HC 0.96(0.94-0.99); UCr vs HC 0.95(0.93-0.98); CDa vs HC 0.96(0.94-0.99); CDr vs HC 0.95(0.93-0.98)). There were small differences between UC and CD (0.55(0.50-0.6)) and no differences between active disease and remission (UCa vs UCr 0.63(0.44-0.82); CDa vs CDr 0.52(0.39-0.65)). Conclusion: Our study outcomes imply that faecal VOC analysis holds potential for identifying biomarkers for IBD detection but not for monitoring disease activity.