Effect of controlled sequential elevation timing of the head and thorax during cardiopulmonary resuscitation on cerebral perfusion pressures in a porcine model of cardiac arrest. (April 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Rojas-Salvador, Carolina; Moore, Johanna C.; Salverda, Bayert; Lick, Michael; Debaty, Guillaume; Lurie, Keith G.
• Is Part Of: Resuscitation. Volume 149(2020)
• Page Start: 162
• Page End: 169
• Publication Date: 2020-04
• Subjects: Active compression–decompression CPR -- Cardiac arrest -- Cardiopulmonary resuscitation -- Cerebral perfusion pressure -- Coronary perfusion pressure -- Head Up CPR -- Head and thorax elevation -- Impedance threshold device -- Medical device -- Patient positioning; Resuscitation -- Periodicals; Resuscitation -- Periodicals; Réanimation -- Périodiques; Electronic journals; 616.025
• DOI: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2019.12.011
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0300-9572

Abstract

Abstract: Aim: Controlled sequential elevation of the head and thorax (CSE) during active compression–decompression (ACD) CPR with an impedance threshold device (ITD) augments cerebral (CerPP) and coronary (CorPP) perfusion pressures. The optimal CSE is unknown. Methods: After 8 minutes of untreated VF, 40 kg anesthetized female pigs were positioned on a customized head and thorax elevation device (CED). After 2 min of automated ACD + ITD-16 CPR to 'prime the system', 12 pigs were randomized to CSE to the highest CED position over 4-min or 10-min. The primary outcome was CerPP after 7 minutes of CPR. Secondarily, 24-sec (without a priming step) and 2-min CSE times were similarly tested (n = 6 group) in a non-randomized order. Values expressed as mean ± SD. Results: After 7 min of CPR, CerPPs were significantly higher in the 4-min vs 10-min CSE groups (53 ± 14.4 vs 38.5 ± 3.6 mmHg respectively, p = 0.03) whereas CorPP trended higher. The 4-min CSE group achieved 50% of baseline (50% BL) CerPP faster than the 10-min group (2.5 ± 1.2 vs 6 ± 3.1 minutes, p = 0.03). CerPP values in the 2-min and 4-min CSE groups were significantly higher than in the 24-sec group. With CSE, CerPPs and CorPPs increased over time in all groups. Conclusions: By optimizing controlled sequential elevation timing, CerPP values achieved 50% of baseline within less than 2.5 minutes and >80% of baseline after 7 minutes of CPR. This novel CPR approach rapidly restored CerPPs to near normal values non-invasively and without vasopressors.