Development, processing and applications of bio-sourced cellulose nanocrystal composites. (April 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Calvino, Céline; Macke, Nicholas; Kato, Ryo; Rowan, Stuart J.
• Is Part Of: Progress in polymer science. Volume 103(2020)
• Publication Date: 2020-04
• Subjects: AR aspect ratio -- ATBC acetyl tri-n-butyl citrate -- BNA beycostat A B09 surfactant -- CAB cellulose acetate butyrate -- CL caprolactone -- CNC cellulose nanocrystal -- CNF cellulose nanofiber -- CTE coefficient of thermal expansion -- DLA d-lactic acid -- DMA dynamic mechanical analysis -- DMAc N, N-Dimethylacetamide -- DMF dimethylformamide -- HDT heat distortion temperature -- MCC micro-crystalline cellulose -- MFC microfibrillated cellulose -- MWCNT multi-walled carbon nanotubes -- OLED organic light emitting diode -- PBAT poly(butylene adipate terephthalate) -- PBS poly(butylene succinate) -- PCL polycaprolactone -- PDLA poly(d-lactic acid) -- PE polyethylene -- PEG poly(ethylene glycol) -- PEO poly(ethylene oxide) -- PHA polyhydroxyalkanoate -- PHB poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) -- PLA poly(lactic acid) -- PLLA poly(L-lactic acid) -- PP polypropylene -- PS polystyrene -- SAXS small-angle x-ray scattering -- SEM scanning electron microscopy -- TEMPO (2, 2, 6, 6-Tetramethylpiperidin-1-yl)oxyl -- Tg glass transition temperature -- Tm melting temperature -- WAXS wide-angle x-ray scattering -- WVP water vapor permeability; Cellulose nanocrystals -- Sustainability -- Composites -- Biopolymer -- Poly(lactic acid) -- Polysaccharides; Polymers -- Periodicals; Polymerization -- Periodicals; Polymers -- Industrial applications -- Periodicals; Polymères -- Périodiques; Polymérisation -- Périodiques; 547.7
• DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2020.101221
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0079-6700

Abstract

Graphical abstract: The incorporation of cellulose nanocrystals into bio-based materials represents a promising approach to sustainable nanocomposites. This review summarizes the current state of the art in the field and highlights the different strategies employed to process reinforced bio-based nanocomposites, including pre-treatment of the CNCs, the use of additives, such as surfactants or plasticizers, as well as covalent modification of the CNC surface. The additional benefits of the use of CNCs to prepare bio-based materials with new functionalities, as well as their potential future applications in a variety of fields are discussed. Abstract: Plastic pollution concerns have catalyzed research into green materials with the specific goal of accessing new bio-derived and bio-degradable polymers with improved property profiles. One way to achieve these new materials is through the incorporation of nanofillers into bio-based polymer matrices. Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), which are extracted from biomass, have been investigated as one route to bio-based composites with enhanced performance. The combination of the excellent reinforcement capabilities of these bio-derived, nanosized particles along with relatively low production cost and biodegradability makes cellulose-based nanocomposites an attractive and promising approach to the next generation of green materials. Discussed herein is an overview of the use of CNCs to access reinforced bio-based nanocomposites, with particular focus on bio-available polyester and polysaccharide matrices. The characteristic changes provided by the incorporation of the nanofillers into the bio-based materials and their advantages and drawbacks are discussed. Specifically, the different parameters influencing mechanical reinforcement and barrier properties, such as the nature of processing, use of additives or CNC surface modifications are reviewed. Finally, the benefits of using CNC fillers in a number of potential future application areas, including polymer compatibilization, water purification, biomedical and electronics are outlined.