Eat in or Take out? Metabolism of Intracellular Salmonella enterica. Issue 8 (August 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Kehl, Alexander; Noster, Janina; Hensel, Michael
• Is Part Of: Trends in microbiology. Volume 28:Issue 8(2020)
• Page Start: 644
• Page End: 654
• Publication Date: 2020-08
• Subjects: intracellular lifestyle -- endosomal remodeling -- host-adapted metabolism -- metabolic flexibility -- Type III secretion system -- Salmonella-induced filaments -- Salmonella-containing vacuole.; Microbiology -- Periodicals; Infection -- Periodicals; Virulence (Microbiology) -- Periodicals; Infection -- Periodicals; Microbiology -- Periodicals; Virulence -- Periodicals; Microbiologie -- Périodiques; Infection -- Périodiques; Virulence (Microbiologie) -- Périodiques; Infection; Microbiology; Virulence (Microbiology); 579
• DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2020.03.005
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0966-842X

Abstract

Abstract : Salmonella enterica is an important gastrointestinal and facultative intracellular pathogen. After invasion of host cells, it resides in a specialized, replication-permissive compartment, the Salmonella -containing vacuole (SCV). During maturation of the SCV, Salmonella remodels the host endosomal system to form a variety of membranous extensions from the SCV, one type designated Salmonella -induced filaments (SIFs). It was long unclear how Salmonella is able to sustain replication within the SCV, thought to be a nutrient-poor environment. Recent studies started to characterize the metabolic pathways used by intracellular Salmonella . Besides, new insights into the ultrastructure and biogenesis of SIFs and their essential role in nutrition were obtained lately. Here, we review the recent progress with focus on observations gained by various cellular models. Highlights: Intracellular Salmonella enterica reside in the nutrient-poor, but replication-permissive Salmonella -containing vacuole (SCV). Here Salmonella relies on metabolic flexibility, as it is able to perform all major metabolic pathways. Which pathways are actually used shows striking cell-specific differences, illustrating the ability to adapt to specific environments. During SCV maturation, Salmonella induces formation of extensive and highly dynamic membrane tubules, that is, Salmonella -induced filaments (SIFs). These show after formation a unique conversion from single- to double-membrane structures, enlarging the volume of the SCV/SIF continuum substantially. The large SCV/SIF continuum is essential for efficient nutrition and thus for replication of intracellular Salmonella by interaction with the host endosomal system. It allows access to endosomal content and endocytosed nutrients.