Alkylation of isobutane with butene catalyzed by deep eutectic ionic liquids. (1st June 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Wang, Hongyan; Ma, Song; Zhou, Zhimao; Li, Minjie; Wang, Hui
• Is Part Of: Fuel. Volume 269(2020)
• Publication Date: 2020-06-01
• Subjects: AA acetamide -- ACN pure acetonitrile -- C40= percentage of butene in the raw material -- C41= percentage of butene in the hydrocarbon after reaction -- DMH dimethylhexane -- Fr hydrocarbon feed rate (mL/h) -- FA formamide -- HC C4 hydrocarbon -- H0 Hammett acidity function -- O olefin -- I isobutane -- I/O isobutane /olefin molar ratio (mol/mol) -- ILs ionic liquids -- IL/HC ionic liquid/C4 hydrocarbon volume ratio (v/v) -- Meurea methyl urea -- mi mass fraction of each component i (C5–C9+) -- mTMPs total mass fraction of each component of TMPs (2, 2, 3-TMP, 2, 2, 4-TMP, 2, 3, 4-TMP, 2, 3, 3-TMP) -- r stirring rate (rpm) -- RON research octane number -- T reaction temperature (°C) -- t reaction time (s) -- TMP trimethylpentane -- Py pure pyridine -- XC4= conversion of butene -- yi volume fraction of each component i; Alkylation -- Isobutane -- Butene -- Deep eutectic ionic liquids; Fuel -- Periodicals; Coal -- Periodicals; Coal; Fuel; Periodicals; 662.6
• DOI: 10.1016/j.fuel.2020.117419
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0016-2361

Abstract

Highlights: Amide-AlCl3 based ionic liquids were efficient catalysts for iso butane alkylation. Urea-1.6AlCl3 -0.13CuCl showed the best catalytic performance under optimal parameters. Synergetic effect of B-L acid sites enhanced the catalytic activity of the ILs. Urea-1.6AlCl3 -0.13CuCl could be reused 20 times without obvious deactivation. Abstract: The alkylation process of iso butane with butene is important in the petroleum industry. Ionic liquids (ILs) are considered as attractive alternative catalysts for iso butane alkylation besides strong liquid acids (H2 SO4 or HF) and solid superacids. In this study, ILs based on amides-aluminum chloride (AlCl3 ) were synthesized and characterized, which exhibited both Lewis and Brønsted acidities. These deep eutectic ILs were found to be efficient catalysts for iso butane alkylation. The influences of the amide substrate, AlCl3 /amide molar ratio, and metal additive on Lewis and Brønsted acidities were observed together with the synergetic effect of Lewis and Brønsted acid sites in the catalytic process. CuCl modified Urea-1.6AlCl3 showed the best catalytic performance. The butene conversion was about 99.9% and C8 selectivity reached 57.6% under optimized reaction conditions (temperature of 15 °C, stirring rate of 1500 rpm, hydrocarbon feeding rate of 300 mL/h, iso butane/olefin molar ratio of 15:1, and reaction time of 15 min). In addition, Urea-1.6AlCl3 -0.13CuCl could be recycled and reused for at least 20 times without obvious loss in catalytic activity.