Wisdom is a social-ecological rather than person-centric phenomenon. (April 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Grossmann, Igor; Dorfman, Anna; Oakes, Harrison
• Is Part Of: Current opinion in psychology. Volume 32(2020)
• Page Start: 66
• Page End: 71
• Publication Date: 2020-04
• Subjects: Psychology -- Periodicals; 150.5
• DOI: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2019.07.010
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2352-250X

Abstract

Highlights: Practical wisdom concerns superior deliberation about acting in complex situations. Most previous, person-centric methods to study wisdom are faulty and misguided. Wisdom varies across environments, incl. social class and self-centrality of situation. Social-ecological framework needed to understand practical wisdom's social function. Abstract : Typical approaches to study practical wisdom are person-centric, use flawed methods, and produce insights of little relevance to the construct's definition. We propose that understanding the processes underlying practical wisdom requires a social-ecological framework, supported by emerging empirical insights. Wise reasoning (i.e., intellectual humility, open-mindedness, recognition of broader perspectives and possible changes, integration of diverse viewpoints) varies dramatically across cultures, regions, economic strata, and situational contexts. By adopting a social-ecological perspective, psychologists can address some paradoxes about wisdom, including biases and errors in decontextualized versus context-variable assessments and a greater propensity for wise reasoning about social versus personal challenges, despite greater knowledge about personal issues. Moreover, an ecological perspective suggests that the propensity for wisdom in the population can also shape its ecology and surroundings. This new approach to wisdom is enriching our understanding and exploration of practical wisdom as a mental process and an ecological asset for societies at large.