A Comparison of Cs-137 γ Rays and 320-kV X-Rays in a Mouse Bone Marrow Transplantation Model. Issue 2 (1st April 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Gott, Katherine M.; Potter, Charles A.; Doyle-Eisele, Melanie; Lin, Yong; Wilder, Julie; Scott, Bobby R.
• Is Part Of: Dose-response. Volume 18:Issue 2(2020)
• Publication Date: 2020-04-01
• Subjects: Cs-137 γ rays -- 320-kV X-rays -- bone marrow -- spleen; Dose-response relationship (Biochemistry) -- Periodicals; Drugs -- Dose-response relationship -- Periodicals; Drugs -- Physiological effect -- Periodicals; Hormesis -- Periodicals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug -- Periodicals; Dose-response relationship (Biochemistry); Drugs -- Dose-response relationship; Drugs -- Physiological effect; Periodicals; 571.634
• DOI: 10.1177/1559325820916572
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1559-3258

Abstract

US homeland security concerns regarding the potential misuse of some radiation sources used in radiobiological research, for example, cesium-137 ( 137 Cs), have resulted in recommendations by the National Research Council to conduct studies into replacing these sources with suitable X-ray instruments. The objective of this research is to compare the effectiveness of an X-RAD 320 irradiator (PXINC 2010) with a 137 Cs irradiator (Gammacell-1000 Unit) using an established bone marrow chimeric model. Using measured radiation doses for each instrument, we characterized the dose–response relationships for bone marrow and splenocyte ablation, using a cytotoxicity-hazard model. Our results show that the X-RAD 320 photon energy spectrum was suitable for ablating bone marrow at the 3 exposure levels used, similar to that of 137 Cs photons. However, the 320-kV X-rays were not as effective as the much higher energy γ rays at depleting mouse splenocytes. Furthermore, the 3 X-ray levels used were less effective than the higher energy γ rays in allowing the successful engraftment of donor bone marrow, potentially as a result of the incomplete depletion of the spleen cells. More defined studies are warranted for determining whether bone marrow transplantation in mice can be successfully achieved using 320-kV X-rays. A higher X-ray dose then used is likely needed for transplantation success.