Biochar enhanced the nitrifying and denitrifying bacterial communities during the composting of poultry manure and rice straw. (1st April 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Zainudin, Mohd Huzairi; Mustapha, Nurul Asyifah; Maeda, Toshinari; Ramli, Norhayati; Sakai, Kenji; Hassan, Mohd
• Is Part Of: Waste management. Volume 106(2020)
• Page Start: 240
• Page End: 249
• Publication Date: 2020-04-01
• Subjects: Composting -- Biochar -- Nitrogen compounds -- Nitrification -- Denitrification -- Bacterial community; Hazardous wastes -- Periodicals; Refuse and refuse disposal -- Periodicals; 363.728
• DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2020.03.029
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0956-053X

Abstract

Graphical abstract: Highlights: The addition of biochar increased the NH4 + retention. Biochar enhanced nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria communities. Pusillimonas and Pseudofulvimonas were enriched with increased NO2 − and NO3 − . Increased relative abundance of Halomonas resulted in decreased NO2 − and NO3 − . Abstract: Biochar has proven to be a feasible additive for mitigating nitrogen loss during the composting process. This study aims to evaluate the influence of biochar addition on bacterial community and physicochemical properties changes, including ammonium (NH4 + ), nitrite (NO2 − ) and nitrate (NO3 − ) contents during the composting of poultry manure. The composting was carried out by adding 20% (w/w) of biochar into the mixture of poultry manure and rice straw with a ratio of 2:1, and the same treatment without biochar was prepared as a control. The finished product of control compost recorded the high contents of NO2 − and NO3 − (366 mg/kg and 600 mg/kg) with reduced the total NH4 + content to 10 mg/kg. Meanwhile, biochar compost recorded a higher amount of total NH4 + content (110 mg/kg) with low NO2 − and NO3 − (161 mg/kg and 137 mg/kg) content in the final composting material. The principal component analysis showed that the dynamics of dominant genera related to Halomonas, Pusillimonas, and Pseudofulvimonas, all of which were known as nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria, was significantly correlated with the dynamic of NO2 − and NO3 − content throughout the composting process. The genera related to Pusillimonas, and Pseudofulvimonas appeared as the dominant communities as the NO2 − and NO3 − increased. In contrast, as the NO2 − and NO3 − concentration decreased, the Halomonas genus were notably enriched in biochar compost. This study revealed the bacterial community shifts corresponded with the change of physicochemical properties, which provides essential information for a better understanding of monitoring and improving the composting process.