Caloric compensation and appetite control in children of different weight status and predisposition to obesity. (1st August 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Kral, Tanja V.E.; Moore, Reneé H.; Chittams, Jesse; O'Malley, Lauren; Jones, Elizabeth; Quinn, Ryan J.; Fisher, Jennifer O.
• Is Part Of: Appetite. Volume 151(2020)
• Publication Date: 2020-08-01
• Subjects: BMI body mass index -- %COMPX percentage compensation index -- VAS visual analog scale -- AUC area under the curve -- SQ satiety quotient -- LED low energy density -- HED high energy density -- NW normal-weight -- OB obese -- HR high-risk -- LR low-risk; Food habits -- Periodicals; Appetite -- Periodicals; Appetite disorders -- Periodicals; Electronic journals; 306.4613
• DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2020.104701
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0195-6663

Abstract

Abstract: To prevent childhood obesity it is critical to identify behavioral phenotypes for overeating, especially among children who are predisposed to obesity. We examined caloric compensation and appetite control in 212 normal-weight (NW) and obese (OB) children, ages 7 to 9, who were at high risk (HR) or low risk (LR) for obesity based on maternal obesity. In a within-subjects crossover design, children ate breakfast, lunch, dinner, and snacks in the laboratory once a week for two weeks. Children's percentage compensation index (%COMPX) was computed at breakfast. Twenty-five minutes before breakfast, children received one of two compulsory preloads, which varied in energy density (ED) and caloric content [Low ED (LED): 1.00 kcal/g; 100 kcal; High ED (HED): 1.60 kcal/g; 160 kcal]. Children's appetite was measured hourly using Visual Analog Scales, which were used to compute 3-h post-prandial area under the curve (AUCs) after breakfast and the satiety quotient (SQ), which allows between-group comparisons of a fixed amount of a food's potency to reduce appetite sensations per unit of intake. There were no significant differences in %COMPX, SQ, or AUC among LR-NW, HR-NW, and HR-OB children ( P > 0.10). SQs for Hunger and Prospective Consumption were higher and SQ for Fullness lower after consuming the LED compared to the HED preload ( P < 0.009). Further, the SQ and AUC for Desire to Eat and AUC for Prospective Consumption significantly predicted energy intake during the remainder of the day ( P < 0.03). In this study, HR-NW children did not differ from LR-NW or HR-OB children in their caloric compensation or appetite control. Foods with a high satiating effect may facilitate appetite control and help to moderate daily energy intake in all children, including at-risk children.