Comparison and establishment of appropriate methods to determine EU priority PAHs in charcoal-grilled chicken drumsticks with different treatments and their dietary risk assessments. (August 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Chiang, Chow-Feng; Hsu, Kuo-Chiang; Cho, Chih-Yun; Tsai, Tseng-Yu; Hsu, Chuan-Hsiang; Yang, Deng-Jye
• Is Part Of: Food and chemical toxicology. Volume 142(2020)
• Publication Date: 2020-08
• Subjects: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) -- Gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC-MS) -- High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) -- QuEChERS -- Charcoal-grilled chicken drumsticks -- Risk assessment; Toxicology -- Periodicals; Food poisoning -- Periodicals; Food Poisoning -- Periodicals; Toxicology -- Periodicals; Toxicologie -- Périodiques; Intoxications alimentaires -- Périodiques; Food poisoning; Toxicology; Periodicals; Electronic journals; 615.9
• DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111400
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0278-6915

Abstract

Abstract: Three major polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) analytical methods, gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC-MS), high performance liquid chromatography-photodiode-array detector (HPLC-PDA) and HPLC-fluorescence detector (FLD) were compared to analyze the European Union (EU) priority PAHs. In addition to the highest sensitivity, HPLC-FLD could be developed to rapidly determine the PAHs. A QuEChERS method was also established to rapidly extract the PAHs from chicken drumsticks. The method detection limits (0.004–0.25 ng/g), method quantification limits (0.01–0.75 ng/g), recoveries (67–114%), and coefficients of variations for intra- (1–15%) and inter- (1–21%) assays for the determination of the PAHs were in compliance with the EU and Taiwan Food and Drug Administration (TFDA) requirements. The PAHs contents in charcoal-grilled chicken drumsticks (without skin, with skin, and skin removal after processing) at different processing times were also determined by the developed methods. Although the risk assessment results for all samples showed a low level of concern, the presence of skin and long-term grilling had a greater impact on PAHs levels and dietary risks. Therefore, excessive processing should be avoided, and the skin of chicken drumsticks should be removed before and after charcoal-grilling to reduce the risk of PAHs intake. Graphical abstract: Image 1 Highlights: GC-MS, HPLC-PDA and HPLC-FLD were compared for the EU priority PAHs analysis. HPLC-FLD with the highest sensitivity was established to analyze the PAHs in 18 min. A QuEChERS method was established to rapidly extract the PAHs from chicken drumsticks. The PAHs determination conditions were in compliance with the EU and TFDA regulations. The skin presence and long-term grilling had a great impact on PAHs levels and dietary risks.