Revisiting the hallmarks of cancer: The role of hyaluronan. (May 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Caon, Ilaria; Bartolini, Barbara; Parnigoni, Arianna; Caravà, Elena; Moretto, Paola; Viola, Manuela; Karousou, Evgenia; Vigetti, Davide; Passi, Alberto
• Is Part Of: Seminars in cancer biology. Volume 62(2020)
• Page Start: 9
• Page End: 19
• Publication Date: 2020-05
• Subjects: 4-MU 4-Methylumbelliferone -- 4-MUG 4-Methylumbelliferone glucuronide -- ECM extracellular matrix -- ECs endothelial cells -- EMT epithelial to mesenchymal transition -- GAG glycosaminoglycan -- GlcNAc N-acetylglucosamine -- GlcUA glucuronic Acid -- HA hyaluronan -- HAREHA receptor for Endocytosis -- HAS2-AS1- hyaluronan synthase 2 antisense 1 -- HASes hyaluronan synthases -- HIF-1α hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha -- HMWHA high molecular weight HA -- HYALs hyaluronidases -- LECs lymphatic endothelial cells -- LMWHA low molecular weight HA -- LncRNA long non coding RNA -- LYVE-1 lymphatic vessel endothelial receptor -- RHAMM receptor for HA-mediated motility -- TGFβ transforming growth factor beta -- TLR toll-like receptor -- VEGF vascular endothelial growth factor -- VEGFR vascular endothelial growth factor receptor; HAS2 -- HAS2-AS1 -- CD44 -- 4-Methylumbelliferone -- Extracellular matrix; Cancer -- Periodicals; Neoplasms -- Periodicals; Review Literature; Cancer -- Périodiques; Electronic journals; 616.994
• DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.07.007
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1044-579X

Abstract

Abstract: Extracellular matrix (ECM) is a complex network of macromolecules such as proteoglycans (PGs), glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and fibrous proteins present within all tissues and organs. The main role of ECM is not only to provide an essential mechanical scaffold for the cells but also to mediate crucial biochemical cues that are required for tissue homeostasis. Dysregulations in ECM deposition alter cell microenvironment, triggering the onset or the rapid progression of several diseases, including cancer. Hyaluronan (HA) is a ubiquitous component of ECM considered as one of the main players of cancer initiation and progression. This review discusses how HA participate in and regulate several aspects of tumorigenesis, with particular attention to the hallmarks of cancer proposed by Hanahan and Weinberg such as sustaining of the proliferative signaling, evasion of apoptosis, angiogenesis, activation of invasion and metastases, reprogramming of energy metabolism and evasion of immune response.