Redistribution, homing and organ-invasion of neoplastic stem cells in myeloid neoplasms. (February 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Valent, Peter; Sadovnik, Irina; Eisenwort, Gregor; Herrmann, Harald; Bauer, Karin; Mueller, Niklas; Sperr, Wolfgang R.; Wicklein, Daniel; Schumacher, Udo
• Is Part Of: Seminars in cancer biology. Volume 60(2020)
• Page Start: 191
• Page End: 201
• Publication Date: 2020-02
• Subjects: Neoplastic stem cells -- Stem cell niche -- Extramedullary myelopoiesis -- Leukemia -- Stem cell invasion -- Myeloid sarcoma -- Mast cell sarcoma; Cancer -- Periodicals; Neoplasms -- Periodicals; Review Literature; Cancer -- Périodiques; Electronic journals; 616.994
• DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.07.025
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1044-579X

Abstract

Abstract: The development of a myeloid neoplasm is a step-wise process that originates from leukemic stem cells (LSC) and includes pre-leukemic stages, overt leukemia and a drug-resistant terminal phase. Organ-invasion may occur in any stage, but is usually associated with advanced disease and a poor prognosis. Sometimes, extra-medullary organ invasion shows a metastasis-like or even sarcoma-like destructive growth of neoplastic cells in local tissue sites. Examples are myeloid sarcoma, mast cell sarcoma and localized blast phase of chronic myeloid leukemia. So far, little is known about mechanisms underlying re-distribution and extramedullary dissemination of LSC in myeloid neoplasms. In this article, we discuss mechanisms through which LSC can mobilize out of the bone marrow niche, can transmigrate from the blood stream into extramedullary organs, can invade local tissue sites and can potentially create or support the formation of local stem cell niches. In addition, we discuss strategies to interfere with LSC expansion and organ invasion by targeted drug therapies.