Antituberculosis drug resistance in isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex in southeast Spain. (March 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Montiel Quezel-Guerraz, Natalia; Sánchez-Porto, Antonio; Ortega Torres, María; Pérez Santos, Mª Jesús; Acosta, Federico; Guzman, Antonio; Correa Ruiz, Ana; Bérmudez Ruiz, Pilar
• Is Part Of: Journal of global antimicrobial resistance. Volume 20(2020)
• Page Start: 183
• Page End: 186
• Publication Date: 2020-03
• Subjects: Tuberculosis -- Multidrug-resistant -- Extensively drug-resistant -- Genotype -- Molecular detection -- Isoniazid resistance; Drug resistance -- Periodicals; Drug resistance -- Periodicals; Drug resistance; Periodicals; 616.9041
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2019.08.003
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2213-7165

Abstract

Highlights: The number of TB cases decreased in the studied health area by 11% from 2012 to 2016. Resistance to isoniazid (INH) was more frequent in the Spanish than the non-Spanish population. Resistance to more than one drug was detected in 16 isolates (2.9%). No statistically significant relationship between INH resistance and previous anti-TB treatment. Statistically significant relationship between place of birth and MDR-TB status. Abstract: Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine resistance to antituberculosis (anti-TB) drugs in Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex isolates from patients diagnosed with Tuberculosis (TB) in southeast Spain and to study related epidemiological factors. Methods: This retrospective study analysed 5-year data (2012–2016) obtained in southeast Spain for a total equivalent population of 1 735 608 inhabitants. Clinical samples were examined from 557 patients with suspected pulmonary TB ( n = 470; 84.4%) or extrapulmonary TB ( n = 87; 15.6%), taking into account patient age, sex, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, country of birth and prior anti-TB treatment. Results: TB was found more frequently in men than in women (66.6% vs. 33.4%), and the age group with the most cases (43.7%) was 36–55 years. Among the first-line anti-TB drugs, 7.0% of patients harboured isolates resistant to isoniazid (INH) and 1.6% to rifampicin (RIF); moreover, 1.4% of isolates were multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) and 0.7% were extensively drug-resistant TB. There was a statistically significant relationship ( P = 0.028) between MDR-TB isolates and non-Spanish-born patients, but not between the latter and INH resistance. Conclusion: Resistance to INH and RIF was observed at levels similar to those published nationwide, with rates of MDR-TB being somewhat lower. Rates of HIV/TB co-infection have decreased considerably between 2012 and 2016.