Sitting in the driver's seat: Manipulation of mammalian cell Rab GTPase functions by apicomplexan parasites. (6th April 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Coppens, Isabelle; Romano, Julia D.
• Is Part Of: Biology of the cell. Volume 112:Number 7(2020)
• Page Start: 187
• Page End: 195
• Publication Date: 2020-04-06
• Subjects: intracellular compartmentalisation -- parasitology -- vesicle trafficking; Cytology -- Periodicals; Electron microscopy -- Periodicals; 571.6
• DOI: 10.1111/boc.201900107
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0248-4900

Abstract

Abstract: Many intracellular microbial pathogens subvert, disrupt or otherwise modulate host membrane trafficking pathways to establish a successful infection. Among them, bacteria that are trapped in a phagosome during mammalian cell invasion, disengage the programmed degradation process by altering the identity of their replicative niche through the exclusion or recruitment of specific Rab GTPases to their vacuole. Many viruses co‐opt essential cellular trafficking pathways to perform key steps in their lifecycles. Among protozoan parasites, Apicomplexa are obligate intracellular microbes that invade mammalian cells by creating a unique, nonfusogenic membrane‐bound compartment that protects the parasites straightaway from lysosomal degradation. Recent compelling evidence demonstrates that apicomplexan parasites are master manipulators of mammalian Rab GTPase proteins, and benefit or antagonise Rab functions for development within host cells. This review covers the exploitation of mammalian Rab proteins and vesicles by Apicomplexa, focusing on Toxoplasma, Neospora, Plasmodium and Theileria parasites. Abstract : Review : Apicomplexan parasites are obligate intracellular microbes that multiply within mammalian cells. Among them, Toxoplasma, Neospora, Plasmodium liver forms and Theileria hijack host Rab GTPases to modify their expression levels, or intercept Rab vesicles to exploit their functions and content. Through these manipulations, these parasites ensure their protection, nutrient supply and proliferation.