Incidence, prevalence and mortality of diabetes in children and adolescents aged under 20 years in the Republic of Maldives. (23rd December 2019)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Majeed, Naila A; Shiruhana, Shiru A; Maniam, Jayanthi; Eigenmann, Cecile A; Siyan, Ali; Ogle, Graham D
• Is Part Of: Journal of paediatrics and child health. Volume 56:Number 5(2020)
• Page Start: 746
• Page End: 750
• Publication Date: 2019-12-23
• Subjects: diabetes -- incidence -- Maldives -- mortality -- prevalence; Children -- Health and hygiene -- Periodicals; Pediatrics -- Periodicals; 618.92
• DOI: 10.1111/jpc.14726
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1034-4810

Abstract

Abstract : Aim: There is little published data on diabetes in youth in the Maldives. This study aimed to determine incidence, prevalence and mortality of diabetes in children and adolescents <20 years. Methods: Data on all known existing cases in 2009 and all new cases from 2009 to 2018 was collected from the Diabetes Society of the Maldives registry. Results: Thirty‐nine subjects <20 years were known to have diabetes at the start of 2009 and 92 new cases were diagnosed from 2009 to 2018. Of the 92 new cases, 76 had type 1 diabetes (T1D), 15 type 2 diabetes (T2D) and one secondary diabetes. Of the 76 new T1D cases, 64 were diagnosed <15 years. Mean age of onset for T1D <20 years was 10 ± 4.6 years, with 42 (55.3%) female. Ten (13.2%) were diagnosed 0–4 years, 27 (35.5%) 5–9 years, 27 (35.5%) 10–14 years and 12 (15.8%) 15–19 years. Annual T1D mean incidence rates/per 100 000 subjects for <15/<20 years, respectively, increased from 3.6/2.7 in 2009 to 11.0/9.1 in 2018, representing 12.0%/13.0% annualised increases ( P = 0.01 for both). T1D prevalence in 2018 for <15 and <20 years was 47.1/100 000 and 52.0/100 000, respectively. No young person with T1D died during this period, with a total of 262 patient‐years of follow‐up for T1D cases. The child with secondary diabetes died of other causes. Conclusion: T1D incidence in Maldives is higher than that reported from other South Asian countries, and an increasing trend was observed. T2D also occurs relatively frequently. A zero mortality rate was observed for children and young adults with T1D and T2D from 2009 to 2018.