Human glutathione S‐transferase A (GSTA) family genes are regulated by steroidogenic factor 1 (SF‐1) and are involved in steroidogenesis. Issue 8 (6th May 2013)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Matsumura, Takehiro; Imamichi, Yoshitaka; Mizutani, Tetsuya; Ju, Yunfeng; Yazawa, Takashi; Kawabe, Shinya; Kanno, Masafumi; Ayabe, Tadayuki; Katsumata, Noriyuki; Fukami, Maki; Inatani, Masaru; Akagi, Yoshio; Umezawa, Akihiro; Ogata, Tsutomu; Miyamoto, Kaoru
• Is Part Of: FASEB journal. Volume 27:Issue 8(2013)
• Page Start: 3198
• Page End: 3208
• Publication Date: 2013-05-06
• Subjects: transcriptional regulation -- chromatin structure -- gene cluster -- isomerase activity; Biology -- Periodicals; Biology, Experimental -- Periodicals; 570
• DOI: 10.1096/fj.12-222745
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0892-6638

Abstract

Abstract : Steroidogenic factor 1 (SF‐1) is a master regulator for steroidogenesis. In this study, we identified novel SF‐1 target genes using a genome‐wide promoter tiling array and a DNA microarray. SF‐1 was found to regulate human glutathione S‐transferase A ( GSTA ) family genes ( hGSTA1–hGSTA4 ), a superfamily of detoxification enzymes clustered on chromosome 6p12. All hGSTA genes were up‐regulated by transduction of SF‐1 into human mesenchymal stem cells, while knockdown of endogenous SF‐1 in H295R cells down‐regulated all hGSTA genes. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays, however, revealed that SF‐1 bound directly to the promoters of hGSTA3 and weakly of hGSTA4. Chromosome conformation capture assays revealed that the coordinated expression of the genes was based on changes in higher‐order chromatin structure triggered by SF‐1, which enables the formation of long‐range interactions, at least between hGSTA1 and hGSTA3 gene promoters. In steroidogenesis, dehydrogenation of the 3‐hydroxy group and subsequent Δ 5 ‐Δ 4 isomerization are thought to be enzymatic properties of 3β‐hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3β‐HSD). Here, we demonstrated that, in steroidogenic cells, the hGSTA1 and hGSTA3 gene products catalyze Δ 5 ‐Δ 4 isomerization in a coordinated fashion with 3β‐HSD II to produce progesterone or Δ 4 ‐androstenedione from their Δ 5 ‐precursors. Thus, hGSTA1 and hGSTA3 gene products are new members of steroidogenesis working as Δ 5 ‐Δ 4 isomerases.—Matsumura, T., Imamichi, Y., Mizutani, T., Ju, Y., Yazawa, T., Kawabe, S., Kanno, M., Ayabe, T., Katsumata, N., Fukami, M., Inatani, M., Akagi, Y., Umezawa, A., Ogata, T., Miyamoto, K., Human glutathione S‐transferase A ( GSTA ) family genes are regulated by steroidogenic factor 1 (SF‐1) and are involved in steroidogenesis. FASEB J. 27, 3198–3208 (2013). www.fasebj.org