Global Effects of Superparameterization on Hydrothermal Land‐Atmosphere Coupling on Multiple Timescales. (23rd February 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Qin, Hongchen; Pritchard, Michael S.; Kooperman, Gabriel J.; Parishani, Hossein
• Is Part Of: Journal of advances in modeling earth systems. Volume 10:Number 2(2018)
• Page Start: 530
• Page End: 549
• Publication Date: 2018-02-23
• Subjects: Superparameterization -- land‐atmosphere coupling -- Bowen ratio amplification -- climate change; Geological modeling -- Periodicals; Climatology -- Periodicals; Geochemical modeling -- Periodicals; 551.5011
• DOI: 10.1002/2017MS001185
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1942-2466

Abstract

Abstract: Many conventional General Circulation Models (GCMs) in the Global Land‐Atmosphere Coupling Experiment (GLACE) tend to produce what is now recognized as overly strong land‐atmosphere (L‐A) coupling. We investigate the effects of cloud Superparameterization (SP) on L‐A coupling on timescales beyond diurnal where it has been recently shown to have a favorable muting effect hydrologically. Using the Community Atmosphere Model v3.5 (CAM3.5) and its Superparameterized counterpart SPCAM3.5, we conducted soil moisture interference experiments following the GLACE and Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project (AMIP) protocols. The results show that, on weekly‐to‐subseasonal timescales, SP also mutes hydrologic L‐A coupling. This is detectable globally, and happens through the evapotranspiration‐precipitation segment. But on seasonal timescales, SP does not exhibit detectable effects on hydrologic L‐A coupling. Two robust regional effects of SP on thermal L‐A coupling have also been explored. Over the Arabian Peninsula, SP reduces thermal L‐A coupling through a straightforward control by mean rainfall reduction. More counterintuitively, over the Southwestern US and Northern Mexico, SP enhances the thermal L‐A coupling in a way that is independent of rainfall and soil moisture. This signal is associated with a systematic and previously unrecognized effect of SP that produces an amplified Bowen ratio, and is detectable in multiple SP model versions and experiment designs. In addition to amplifying the present‐day Bowen ratio, SP is found to amplify the climate sensitivity of Bowen ratio as well, which likely plays a role in influencing climate change predictions at the L‐A interface. Key Points: Cloud Superparameterization systematically mutes hydrologic land‐atmosphere coupling on weekly‐to‐subseasonal timescales Thermal land‐atmosphere coupling is reduced over the Arabian Peninsula and enhanced over the Southwestern US with Superparameterization Superparameterization systematically enhances the land Bowen ratio and amplifies its climate sensitivity, a previously unrecognized effect