Prophets and Loss: How "Soft Facts" on Social Media Influenced the Brexit Campaign and Social Reactions to the Murder of Jo Cox MP. Issue 2 (6th May 2019)
- Record Type:
- Journal Article
- Title:
- Prophets and Loss: How "Soft Facts" on Social Media Influenced the Brexit Campaign and Social Reactions to the Murder of Jo Cox MP. Issue 2 (6th May 2019)
- Main Title:
- Prophets and Loss: How "Soft Facts" on Social Media Influenced the Brexit Campaign and Social Reactions to the Murder of Jo Cox MP
- Authors:
- Dobreva, Diyana
Grinnell, Daniel
Innes, Martin - Abstract:
- Abstract : This article examines "soft facts" about security issues in the 2016 Brexit referendum campaign. Soft facts arise when information provenance is uncertain, and are forms of malleable and contingent knowledge, such as rumors, conspiracy theories, and propaganda. There is a growing appreciation that digital communications environments are especially conducive to the dissemination of these kinds of information. Informed by empirical data comprising forty‐five thousand nine hundred and fifty‐seven data points collected by monitoring social media before and after the UK Brexit referendum campaign (June 16–October 12, 2016), the analysis examines how and why a series of soft facts concerning Brexit were mobilized. By developing the concept of "digital prophecy, " the article explores how influence is exerted by online prophets who were connecting current events to past grievances, to advance negative predictions about the future. This starts to capture the tradecraft of digital influencing, in ways that move beyond the structural topologies of communication networks. In policy terms, the analysis reminds us of the need to attend not just to how influence is achieved through fake news (e.g., using social media bots to amplify a message), but also why influence is sought in the first place. 摘要: 本文检验了一系列有关2016英国脱欧公投运动中安全问题的"软事实"。当信息来源尚不确定时,软事实便随之出现,它由可塑和偶然的知识组成,例如传言、阴谋论和媒体宣传。越来越多的看法认为,数字传播环境尤其有利于此类信息的传播。通过检验英国脱欧公投运动前后(2016年6月16日至同年10月12日)社交媒体所收集的实证数据(包括45,Abstract : This article examines "soft facts" about security issues in the 2016 Brexit referendum campaign. Soft facts arise when information provenance is uncertain, and are forms of malleable and contingent knowledge, such as rumors, conspiracy theories, and propaganda. There is a growing appreciation that digital communications environments are especially conducive to the dissemination of these kinds of information. Informed by empirical data comprising forty‐five thousand nine hundred and fifty‐seven data points collected by monitoring social media before and after the UK Brexit referendum campaign (June 16–October 12, 2016), the analysis examines how and why a series of soft facts concerning Brexit were mobilized. By developing the concept of "digital prophecy, " the article explores how influence is exerted by online prophets who were connecting current events to past grievances, to advance negative predictions about the future. This starts to capture the tradecraft of digital influencing, in ways that move beyond the structural topologies of communication networks. In policy terms, the analysis reminds us of the need to attend not just to how influence is achieved through fake news (e.g., using social media bots to amplify a message), but also why influence is sought in the first place. 摘要: 本文检验了一系列有关2016英国脱欧公投运动中安全问题的"软事实"。当信息来源尚不确定时,软事实便随之出现,它由可塑和偶然的知识组成,例如传言、阴谋论和媒体宣传。越来越多的看法认为,数字传播环境尤其有利于此类信息的传播。通过检验英国脱欧公投运动前后(2016年6月16日至同年10月12日)社交媒体所收集的实证数据(包括45, 957个数据点),本文检验了有关英国脱欧的一系列软事实是如何组织起来的,以及原因是什么。通过提出"数字预言"这一概念,本文探索了那些将当前事件和过去不满联系在一起的网络预言家们如何充分利用影响力,以期提升对未来的消极预测。因此本文首先通过超越传播网络结构性拓扑的方式,获取了数字影响中的谍报。用政策术语解释,分析结果提示研究人员:不仅需要了解影响力是如何通过虚假新闻(例如使用社交媒体机器人来扩大信息)得以实现的,还需研究达到这些影响力的原因是什么。 Resumen: Este artículo examina los "soft facts" (hechos suaves) en los temas de seguridad en la campaña del referéndum de Brexit de 2016. Los soft facts aparecen cuando la proveniencia de la información es incierta, y hay formas de conocimiento maleable y contingente como los rumores, teorías de conspiración y propaganda. Existe una creciente apreciación de que los entornos de las comunicaciones digitales son especialmente propicios para la difusión de este tipo de información. Al informarse por datos empíricos compuestos por 45.957 puntos de información recolectados al monitorear las redes sociales antes y después de la campaña del referéndum de Brexit en Reino Unido (16 de junio a 12 de octubre de 2016), el análisis examina cómo y por qué una serie de soft facts que tienen que ver con el Brexit fueron movilizados. Al desarrollar el concepto de "profecía digital" el artículo explora cómo la influencia es ejercida por profetas en línea que estaban conectando eventos de la actualidad con malestares pasados para presentar predicciones negativas acerca del futuro. Esto empieza a definir el oficio del "digital influencing" en formas que van más allá de las topologías estructurales de las redes de comunicación. En términos de políticas, el análisis nos recuerda la necesidad de poner atención no solo a cómo se logra la influencia a través de las fake news (por ejemplo: utilizar bots en las redes sociales para amplificar un mensaje), sino también a por qué se busca en un principio la influencia. … (more)
- Is Part Of:
- Policy and internet. Volume 12:Issue 2(2020:Jun.)
- Journal:
- Policy and internet
- Issue:
- Volume 12:Issue 2(2020:Jun.)
- Issue Display:
- Volume 12, Issue 2 (2020)
- Year:
- 2020
- Volume:
- 12
- Issue:
- 2
- Issue Sort Value:
- 2020-0012-0002-0000
- Page Start:
- 144
- Page End:
- 164
- Publication Date:
- 2019-05-06
- Subjects:
- Brexit -- conspiracy theories -- fake news -- far‐right -- social media -- terrorism -- Twitter
恐怖主义 -- 社交媒体 -- 英国脱欧 -- 虚假新闻 -- 阴谋论 -- 推特 -- 极右翼
Brexit -- fake news -- redes sociales -- terrorismo -- teorías de conspiración -- Twitter -- extrema derecha
Internet -- Government policy -- Periodicals
338.926 - Journal URLs:
- http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/(ISSN)1944-2866 ↗
http://www.bepress.com/pso_internet ↗
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/ ↗ - DOI:
- 10.1002/poi3.203 ↗
- Languages:
- English
- ISSNs:
- 1944-2866
- Deposit Type:
- Legaldeposit
- View Content:
- Available online (eLD content is only available in our Reading Rooms) ↗
- Physical Locations:
- British Library DSC - 6543.321740
British Library DSC - BLDSS-3PM
British Library HMNTS - ELD Digital store - Ingest File:
- 13196.xml