Pediatric obstructive sleep apnea: Preoperative and neurocognitive considerations for perioperative management. Issue 5 (25th March 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Chandrakantan, Arvind; Musso, Mary F.; Floyd, Thomas; Adler, Adam C.
• Editors: von Ungern‐Sternberg, Britta
• Is Part Of: Paediatric anaesthesia. Volume 30:Issue 5(2020:May)
• Page Start: 529
• Page End: 536
• Publication Date: 2020-03-25
• Subjects: adenotonsillectomy -- attention deficit hyperactivity disorder -- learning and memory -- obstructive sleep‐disordered breathing -- pediatric obstructive sleep apnea; Pediatric anesthesia -- Periodicals; 617.96798
• DOI: 10.1111/pan.13855
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1155-5645

Abstract

Abstract: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) affects up to 7.5% of the pediatric population and is associated with a variety of behavioral and neurocognitive sequelae. Prompt diagnosis and treatment is critical to halting and potentially reversing these changes. Depending on the severity of the OSA and comorbid conditions, different treatment paradigms can be pursued, each of which has its own unique risk:benefit ratio. Adenotonsillectomy is first‐line recommended surgical treatment for pediatric OSA. However, it carries its own perioperative risks and the decision regarding surgical timing is therefore made in the context of procedural risk versus patient benefit. This article presents the seminal perioperative and neurocognitive risks from pediatric OSA to aid with perioperative management.