Long‐Term Survival and Harvest of Resident Canada Geese in Virginia. Issue 4 (30th January 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Ladin, Zachary S.; Costanzo, Gary; Lewis, Benjamin; Williams, Christopher K.
• Is Part Of: Journal of wildlife management. Volume 84:Issue 4(2020)
• Page Start: 666
• Page End: 674
• Publication Date: 2020-01-30
• Subjects: Atlantic Flyway -- banding -- Branta canadensis -- mark‐recapture -- recovery -- Seber; Wildlife management -- Periodicals; Zoology -- Periodicals; 333.954
• DOI: 10.1002/jwmg.21828
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0022-541X

Abstract

ABSTRACT: Resident populations of Canada geese ( Branta canadensis ) are of particular management interest throughout the eastern United States given increased human‐wildlife conflicts due to regional increases in the Atlantic Flyway Resident Population. Within Virginia, USA, growth rates of resident goose populations have been reduced through extended harvest seasons and increased bag limits. Our objective was to investigate spatiotemporal patterns in survival rates and harvest rates of resident geese in Virginia over the past 25 years. We estimated annual survival, recovery, and harvest rates using mark‐recapture data from 1990–2015 for individuals that were banded as resident birds during summer throughout the state. We tested for differences in annual survival probability and harvest rates of resident geese banded and recovered in 3 distinct goose hunt zones: the Atlantic, Southern James Bay, and Western hunt zones, each of which had different hunting regulations. We also tested for differences in survival and harvest rates between individuals banded in rural or urban sampling locations, and between age classes (i.e., after hatch‐year or hatch‐year). In general, survival rates of resident geese over the past 25 years in Virginia are declining. Differences in survival among the 3 goose hunt zones also suggests that current harvest management strategies have reduced survival rates of resident geese. Upon closer examination, we found differences in survival among zones, with resident geese in the Atlantic and Southern James Bay hunt zones showing more negative declines compared to resident geese in the Western zone. Resident geese banded in rural areas had higher survival than urban‐banded geese. We also investigated the effects of sampling effort on survival estimates and found no difference in survival estimates among groups when using 75%, 50%, 25%, or 5% of the data randomly sampled from the full data set, suggesting that banding efforts of resident geese could be reduced and continue to inform adaptive management strategies for these populations throughout Virginia. © 2020 The Wildlife Society. Abstract : Using 25 years of mark‐recapture data from resident Canada geese in Virginia, on average, survival rates are declining and harvest rates are increasing. These trends indicate that hunting regulations across the state are effective and are aiding in the achievement of established management goals for resident geese in Virginia. We were able to detect observed trends in survival and harvest rates despite using much‐reduced data sets, suggesting the potential to reallocate resources for banding of resident geese to other population reduction methods.