Treatment of periodontitis reduces systemic inflammation in type 2 diabetes. (12th May 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Preshaw, Philip M.; Taylor, John J.; Jaedicke, Katrin M.; De Jager, Marko; Bikker, Jan Willem; Selten, Wieke; Bissett, Susan M.; Whall, Kerry M.; van de Merwe, Rachel; Areibi, Aisha; Jitprasertwong, Paiboon; Al‐Shahwani, Rana; Weaver, Jolanta; Taylor, Roy; Wassall, Rebecca R.
• Is Part Of: Journal of clinical periodontology. Volume 47:Number 6(2020)
• Page Start: 737
• Page End: 746
• Publication Date: 2020-05-12
• Subjects: inflammation -- periodontitis -- diabetes mellitus -- type 2; Periodontics -- Periodicals; 617.6
• DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13274
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0303-6979

Abstract

Abstract: Aims: To assess the impact of periodontal treatment on systemic inflammation in type 2 diabetes. Materials and Methods: Adults with type 2 diabetes ( n = 83) and without diabetes (controls, n = 75) were recruited, and participants with periodontitis received periodontal treatment and 12 months' follow‐up. Biomarkers for periodontal inflammation (gingival crevicular fluid interleukin‐6, tumour necrosis factor‐α, interleukin‐1β, interferon‐γ, matrix metalloproteinase‐8, matrix metalloproteinase‐9, adiponectin) and serum markers of inflammation and diabetes control (glycated haemoglobin, high sensitivity C‐reactive protein, interleukin‐6, tumour necrosis factor‐α, interleukin‐1β, interferon‐γ, leptin, adiponectin) were measured. Structural equation modelling was used to evaluate periodontal treatment effects on oral and systemic inflammation. Results: Periodontal treatment resulted in significant improvements in clinical status and reductions in gingival crevicular fluid biomarkers from baseline to month 12. Structural equation modelling identified that, at baseline, individuals with diabetes and periodontitis had significantly higher systemic inflammation than non‐diabetic controls with periodontitis (Δ = 0.20, p = .002), with no significant differences between groups for oral inflammation. There was a greater reduction in systemic inflammation following periodontal treatment in individuals with diabetes and periodontitis compared to those with periodontitis but not diabetes (Δ = −0.25, p = .01). Conclusions: Diabetes and periodontitis together appear to increase systemic inflammation, with evidence of reductions following periodontal treatment.