Soft X‐ray diffraction patterns measured by a LiF detector with sub‐micrometre resolution and an ultimate dynamic range. (16th March 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Makarov, Sergey; Pikuz, Sergey; Ryazantsev, Sergey; Pikuz, Tatiana; Buzmakov, Alexey; Rose, Max; Lazarev, Sergey; Senkbeil, Tobias; von Gundlach, Andreas; Stuhr, Susan; Rumancev, Christoph; Dzhigaev, Dmitry; Skopintsev, Petr; Zaluzhnyy, Ivan; Viefhaus, Jens; Rosenhahn, Axel; Kodama, Ryosuke; Vartanyants, Ivan A.
• Is Part Of: Journal of synchrotron radiation. Volume 27:Part 3(2020)
• Page Start: 625
• Page End: 632
• Publication Date: 2020-03-16
• Subjects: diffraction patterns -- LiF detectors -- color centers; Synchrotron radiation -- Periodicals; Free electron lasers -- Periodicals; 539.73505
• DOI: 10.1107/S1600577520002192
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0909-0495

Abstract

Abstract : In this study, a photoluminescence lithium fluoride (LiF) detector demonstrates its capabilities in X‐ray imaging at extreme absorbed doses with an ultimate dynamic range of ∼10 7 and sub‐micrometre spatial resolution, all from the perspective of experiments at synchrotron sources of the next generation. Response functions of the LiF detector are provided at the 500 eV photon‐energy water‐window band. Abstract : The unique diagnostic possibilities of X‐ray diffraction, small X‐ray scattering and phase‐contrast imaging techniques applied with high‐intensity coherent X‐ray synchrotron and X‐ray free‐electron laser radiation can only be fully realized if a sufficient dynamic range and/or spatial resolution of the detector is available. In this work, it is demonstrated that the use of lithium fluoride (LiF) as a photoluminescence (PL) imaging detector allows measuring of an X‐ray diffraction image with a dynamic range of ∼10 7 within the sub‐micrometre spatial resolution. At the PETRA III facility, the diffraction pattern created behind a circular aperture with a diameter of 5 µm irradiated by a beam with a photon energy of 500 eV was recorded on a LiF crystal. In the diffraction pattern, the accumulated dose was varied from 1.7 × 10 5 J cm −3 in the central maximum to 2 × 10 −2 J cm −3 in the 16th maximum of diffraction fringes. The period of the last fringe was measured with 0.8 µm width. The PL response of the LiF crystal being used as a detector on the irradiation dose of 500 eV photons was evaluated. For the particular model of laser‐scanning confocal microscope Carl Zeiss LSM700, used for the readout of the PL signal, the calibration dependencies on the intensity of photopumping (excitation) radiation (λ = 488 nm) and the gain have been obtained.