Efficient All‐Optical Plasmonic Modulators with Atomically Thin Van Der Waals Heterostructures. Issue 11 (5th February 2020) - Guo, Xiangdong
Abstract: All‐optical modulators are attracting significant attention due to their intrinsic perspective on high‐speed, low‐loss, and broadband performance, which are promising to replace their electrical counterparts for future information communication technology. However, high‐power consumption and large footprint remain obstacles for the prevailing nonlinear optical methods due to the weak photon–photon interaction. Here, efficient all‐optical mid‐infrared plasmonic waveguide and free‐space modulators in atomically thin graphene‐MoS2 heterostructures based on the ultrafast and efficient doping of graphene with the photogenerated carrier in the monolayer MoS2 are reported. Plasmonic modulation of 44 cm −1 is demonstrated by an LED with light intensity down to 0.15 mW cm −2, which is four orders of magnitude smaller than the prevailing graphene nonlinear all‐optical modulators (≈10 3 mW cm −2 ). The ultrafast carrier transfer and recombination time of photogenerated carriers in the heterostructure may achieve ultrafast modulation of the graphene plasmon. The demonstration of the efficient all‐optical mid‐infrared plasmonic modulators, with chip‐scale integrability and deep‐sub wavelength light field confinement derived from the van der Waals heterostructures, may be an important step toward on‐chip all‐optical devices. Abstract : The highly efficient all‐optical modulation of a graphene plasmon waveguide is realized by constructing van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures of graphene and monolayer MoS2 . It takes the advantage of the high photoresponse of the monolayer MoS2 and the ultrafast charge transfer in the ultrathin vdW heterostructures.